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1、PeterL.Berger(1)INVITATIONTOSOCIOLOGYAHumanisticPerspective1.SOCIOLOGYASANINDIVIDUALPASTIMEThereareveryfewjokesaboutsociologists.Thisisfrustratingforthesociologists,especiallyiftheycomparethemselveswiththeirmorefavoredsecondcousins,thepsychologists,whohaveprettymuchtakenov
2、erthatsectorofAmericanhumorthatusedtobeoccupiedbyclergymen.Apsychologist,introducedassuchataparty,atoncefindshimselftheobjectofconsiderableattentionanduncomfortablemirth.Asociologistinthesamecircumtanceislikelytomeetwithnomoreofareactionthanifhehadbeenannouncedasaninsuranc
3、esalesman.Hewillhavetowinhisattentionthehardway,justlikeeveryoneelse.Thisisannoyingandunfair,butitmayalsobeinstructive.Thedearthofjokesaboutsociologistsindicates,ofcourse,thattheyarenotasmuchpartofthepopuIarimaginationaspsychologistshavebecome.Butitprobablyalsoindicatestha
4、tthereisacertainambiguityintheimagesthatpeopledohaveofthem.Itmaythusbeagoodstartingpointforourconsiderationstotakeacloserlookatsomeoftheseimages.lfoneasksundergraduatestudentswhytheyaretakingsociologyasamajor,oneoftengetsthereply,"becauseIliketoworkwithpeople."Ifonethengoe
5、sontoasksuchstudentsabouttheiroccupationalfuture,astheyenvisageit,oneoftenhearsthattheyintendtogointosocialwork.Ofthismoreinamoment.Otheranswersaremorevagueandgeneral,butallindicatethatthestudentinquestionwouldratherdealwithpeopIethanwiththings.Occupationsmentionedinthisco
6、nnectionincludepersonnelwork,humanrelationsinindustry,publicrelations,advertising,communityplanningorreligiousworkoftheunordainedvariety.Thecommonassumptionisthatinalltheselinesofendeavor2onemightãdosomethingforpeople,""helppeople,""doworkthatisusefulforthecommunity."Theim
7、ageofthesociologistinvolvedherecouldhedescribedasasecularizedversionoftheliberalProtestantministry,withtheYMCAsecretaryperhapsfurnishingtheconnectinglinkbetweensacredandprofanebenevolence.Sociologyisseenasanup-to-datevariationontheclassicAmericanthemeof"uplift."Thesociolog
8、istisunderstoodasoneprofessionallyconcernedwithedifyingactivitiesonbehalfofindividualsand
