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1、Chapter5DataanalysisandinterpretationfordeformationmonitoringThischapterfocusesontheapplicationofrepeat-pass(differential)interferom-etryfordeformationmonitoring.Somecasestudiesarepresentedwhichserveasanexampleforthefeasibilityandlimitationsofthetechnique.keywords:Deformation,Different
2、ialinterferometry.Deformationsoftheearth’ssurfaceoccuratmanydifferentscalesandwithvary-ingmagnitudes.Tobeobservedandquantifiedbyrepeat-passspaceborneradarinterferometrytheprocessneedstofulfillcertainconditions.Intermsofscale,thedominantscalesshouldbelessthanthesizeoftheinterferogram.Ge
3、nerally,asmalldiscretedeformationbetweentwoneighboringresolutioncellscanbemoreeasilyreli-ablyquantifiedthansmoothspatialvariationswhichmightmimic,e.g.,atmosphericsignalortrendsduetoorbitinaccuracies.Intermsofmagnitudes,thedeformationsignalneedstobeatleast,say,twotimesasmuchasthenoiseso
4、urcerelatedtothatspecificscale.Forexample,forneighboringresolutioncells,theatmosphericin-ducednoisecanbesafelyignored,andthedeformationsignalonlyneedstobemorethanthephasenoiseduetodecorrelation.Ontheotherhand,fordeformationsspanningalargearea,atmosphericnoisecanbesignificant,forcinglar
5、gerdeforma-tionstotakeplacebeforeobtainingasatisfyingsignal-to-noiseratio.Inpractice,e.g.,forcontinuous-typedeformationprocesseswhichspanlargetimeintervals,thismightimplythatonlyinterferogramswithalongtemporalbaselinecanbeused.Manyofthedeformationstudiesusinginterferometryhavefocusedon
6、phenomenathatfulfilledboththescaleandthemagnitude(SNR)requirements,andachievedspectacular,uniquelyinterpretableresults.Inthischapter,somecasestudieswillbepresentedwhichhavethreecommondif-ficultiescomparedwiththemoreopportunisticstudiesmentionedabove.First,theproblemoftemporaldecorrelat
7、ionwillresultinisolatedpatchesofreasonableco-herence,surroundedbyareaswhicharecompletelydecorrelated.Sometimesthesecoherentpatchescanbeonlyoneorafewresolutioncellswide.Thisposesanidenti-ficationproblem:itneedstobedecidedwhetherapatchisreliable(coherent)ornot.Theconventionalsolutionfo
