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1、一、现状ThecurrentsituationofChaohuLakeChaohuLake,coversanareaof760squarekilometers,islocatedinthecentralofAnhuiprovince, ItisoneofthefivefamouslargefreshwaterlakeinChina.巢湖位于安徽省中部，湖区面积760平方公里，是我国著名的五大淡水湖之一。巢湖流域处于长江和淮河两大河流之间,境内入湖河流众多,巢湖对流域社会经济的发展起着极为重要的作用。Chaohubasinis
2、situatedbetweentheYangtzeriverandHuaiheriver,wherehundredsofriversconvergeintothelake.Itplaysaveryimportantroleinthedevelopmentofeconomyandsociety.近年来,随着巢湖流域工业化及城市化的迅猛发展,巢湖水体呈现严重的富营养化状况,湖中蓝藻爆发所引发的水质恶化、湖体生态系统衰退等一系列生态环境问题已引起国家的高度重视。Inrecentyears,withtherapiddevelopme
3、ntofindustrializationandurbanizationnearbyChaohubasin,thereareseriouseutrophicationappearinginChaohulake,deteriorationofwaterqualityandlakeecosystemrecessionandaseriesofecologicalenvironmentproblemswhicharecausedbyblue-greenalgaeoutbreakinghasdrawngreatattentionofo
4、urcountry.从20世纪80年代开始,随着流域内人口和工农业生产的快速增长以及城市化进程的加快,巢湖水体中N、P等营养负荷加重,湖泊出现富营养化,4导致蓝藻爆发,水体严重污染。安徽巢湖西半湖环湖河的塘西河、十五里河入巢湖口处及东半湖从西坝口至双桥河水域出现蓝藻集聚现象，。Sincethe1980s,withtherapidgrowthofpopulation,industrialandagriculturalproductioninthebasinandthespeedingupofurbanization,thewa
5、terbodyisloadedinalargeamountofnitrogenandphosphorus.Soitappearseutrophicationinthelake,leadingtothephenomenonthatblue-greenalgaeareconcentratingandthewatersendsoutblastsofpeculiarsmell二、成因Thecausesofthephenomenon点源污染Pointpollutionsource目前,巢湖流域有工矿企业3000多家,废水年排放量为1.
6、4亿t,这些工矿企业多数为流域内的排污大户,所排放的污水大多未经处理即直接排放至巢湖。Atpresent,Chaohulakebasinhasthreemorethan3000industrialandminingenterprises,whohasdischargedabout1.4milliontonssewage,mostofwhicharenotbeendisposedandthenbeendirectlydischargedintoChaohulake.农业面源污染Agriculturalnon-pointsour
7、cepollution4氮磷化肥施用比重过大，水产养殖饵料投放无序且在水体中残留较多，农村生活垃圾过度堆放。TheproportionofnitrogenandphosphorusfertilizerproportioninAgriculturalproductionistoolarge.Aquaculturebaitsarethrowninthewaterdisorderlymanyofwhichareleftinthewater.domesticwasteisexcessivelystackedinthecountrys
8、ide.二、治理措施Managemeasures1.多管齐下控制污染Multiprongedcontrolmethodofpollution减少P、N的入湖排放量；控制湖内污染源的营养物质释放；重视且采取有效措施遏制流域内农业非点源污染开展湖泊生态修复Reduceofnitrogenand
