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1、WhatisaMedicationError?TheCouncildefinesa"medicationerror"asfollows:"Amedicationerrorisanypreventableeventthatmaycauseorleadtoinappropriatemedicationuseorpatientharmwhilethemedicationisinthecontrolofthehealthcareprofessional,patient,orconsumer.Sucheventsmayberelatedtoprofessional
2、practice,healthcareproducts,procedures,andsystems,includingprescribing;ordercommunication;productlabeling,packaging,andnomenclature;compounding;dispensing;distribution;administration;education;monitoring;anduse."TheCouncilurgesmedicationerrorsresearchers,softwaredevelopers,andins
3、titutionstousethisstandarddefinitiontoidentifyerrors.Amedicationerrorisanypreventableeventthatmaycauseorleadtoinappropriatemedicationuseorharmtoapatient.Since2000,theFoodandDrugAdministration(FDA)hasreceivedmorethan95,000reportsofmedicationerrors.FDAreviewsreportsthatcometoMedWat
4、ch6,theagency'sadverseeventreportingprogram."Thesereportsarevoluntary,sothenumberofactualmedicationerrorsisbelievedtobehigher,"saysCarolHolquist,R.Ph.,DirectoroftheDivisionofMedicationErrorPreventionandAnalysisinFDA'sCenterforDrugEvaluationandResearch.FDAworkswithmanypartnerstotr
5、ackmedicationerrors,includingtheU.S.Pharmacopeia(USP)andtheInstituteforSafeMedicationPractices(ISMP)."EveryreportreceivedthroughtheUSP/ISMPVoluntaryMedicationErrorReportingProgram(MERP)automaticallygetssenttoFDA'sMedWatchprogram,"saysMikeCohen,R.Ph.,Sc.D.,PresidentofISMP."Ittakes
6、acooperativeapproachtomonitorerrors,evaluatethem,andeducatethepublicaboutstrategiestokeeperrorsfromhappeningagain."Medicationerrorsoccurforavarietyofreasons.Forexample,miscommunicationofdrugorderscaninvolvepoorhandwriting,confusionbetweendrugswithsimilarnames,poorpackagingdesign,
7、andconfusionofmetricorotherdosingunits."Medicationerrorsusuallyoccurbecauseofmultiple,complexfactors,"saysHolquist."Allpartsofthehealthcaresystem—includinghealthprofessionalsandpatients—havearoletoplayinpreventingmedicationerrorsAmedicationerrorisanypreventableeventthatmaycauseor
8、leadtoinappropriatemedicationuseorharmto
