Physics word list

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1、物理物理量physicalquantity数值number有效数字Significantfigures科学计数法scientificnotation单位unit矢量Vector平行法则TheParallelogramrule分量component标量scalar大小magnitude(size)方向direction水平horizontal竖直vertical向上upward向下downward相互垂直perpendicular质量mass千克kilogram(kg)天平balance质心centreofmass稳定性stability惯量Inertia时间Time秒Seco

2、nd钟表Clock秒表stopwatch(stopclock)单摆pendulum周期period长度length米metre千分尺micrometer游标卡尺verniercalipers体积volume立方米cubicmetre升Litre(L)密度density坐标coordinate直角坐标系rectangularcoordinatesystemX-轴x-axis原点origin象限quad极坐标系polarcoordinatesystem图graph直线thestraightline斜率gradient（slope）*抛物线para-curve;parabola;p

3、araboliccurve球体sphere环loop盘型disc圆柱形cylinder力force牛顿Newton测力计spring-ergometer浮力upthrust重力weight(thegravitationalforce)重力场gravitationalfield重力场强度gravitationalfieldstrength张力tension摩擦力friction牵引力traction空气阻力airresistance合力Resultantforce向心力Centripetalforce弹簧spring读数reading刻度scale荷载load弹性极限elast

4、iclimit胡克定律hooke’slaw弹性系数Springconstant力矩moment（torque）顺时针clockwise逆时针anticlockwise平衡equilibrium(stateofbalance)静止atrest运动motion位移distance速率speed恒定速度steadyspeed速度velocity初速度initialvelocity(originalvelocity)末速度finalvelocity加速度acceleration减速deceleration(retardation)平均加速度averageacceleration小车T

5、rolley纸带papertape打点计时器ticker-tapetimer自由落体运动freefall动量momentum角动量angularmomentum压强pressure帕斯卡Pascal(Pa)液体中的压强pressureinliquids深度depth密度density容器container大气压atmosphericpressure标准大气压standardatmosphericpressure真空vacuum水银mercury气压计Barometer气压表manometer体积volume反比inverseproportionBeproportionalto

6、动力理论TheKinetictheory理想气体ideagas相对relative功work焦耳joule(J)马力horsepower(746W)能量energy动能kineticenergy(KE)势能potentialenergy重力势能Gravitationalpotentialenergy(PE)弹性势能Elasticpotentialenergy化学能Chemicalpotentialenergy电力势能Electricalpotentialenergy核能Nuclearpotentialenergy热能Thermalenergy辐射能Radiatedenergy

7、转化transformation传递transfer能量守恒conservationofenergy能量守恒定律thelawofconservationoferergy效率efficiency功率power有用功usefulworkdone瓦特watt电能energyofelectricity电厂powerstation发电器generator热电厂thermalpowerstation发动机motor引擎engine能源Energysource核聚变Nuclearfusion可再生能源Renewabl