long sentence讲义

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1、•Correctcomprehensionisalwaysthefirstandforemoststep;andthedialecticalunityoffaithfulnessandsmoothnessisalwayswhatweshouldstrivetoachieve.understandclearly：(a)whattheauthorisdrivingat;(b)whathisargumentorviewsare,andwhat“logicsequence”thereisintheoriginal;(c)whatgrammaticalrelationsthereareamo

2、ngthethree,four,five,orevenmore“modifiers”inthelongsentencetobetranslated.1.TwoStagesandSevenStepsinTranslatingaLongSentence•StageIComprehensionStep1:presentthelongsentenceinaskeletonformStep2:inferthemainideafromthecontextandthewholetextStep3:distinguishbetweentheprincipalandsubordinateelemen

3、tsStep4:findouttheinterrelationsbetweenprincipalandsubordinateclausesStageIIPresentationStep5:enteronatentativetranslationofeachsentencedivisionStep6:rearrangementandsynthesisStep7:finishingtouches2.SampleAnalysis•EnglishVersion:JustadvancedbytheRussiansandlaterpickedupandmademuchofbycertainAm

4、ericanwriters,wastheclaimthatU-2pilotswereworriedthatifthedevicehadtobeusedtheCIAhadriggeditinsuchawaythatitwouldexplodeprematurely,thuseliminating,inonegreatblast,allincriminatingevidence,planesandpilot.Step5•Enteronatentativetranslationofeachsentencedivision:1）俄国人原来提出了这种说法；后来美国一些作者又接过来大肆宣扬。2

5、）U-2飞行员感到不安。3）中英情报局在机上安上了一种装置，可以提前把飞机和驾驶员同事统统炸毁，从而消除一切罪证。4）条件是不得已而要使用这种装置的话。Step7•Finishingtouches:U-2飞机驾驶员感到担心的是：中央情报局已在U-2飞机上安上了一种装置，这种装置在必要时能提前爆炸，把包括飞机和驾驶员在内的一切罪证一下子都消灭干净。这种说法原是俄国人提出来的，后来又被美国一些写文章的人接过来大肆宣扬。Theabovementionedsevenstepsaregenerallyinterwoventhroughouttheprocessoftranslationand

6、weshouldlearntomakeuseofthemaccordingtodifferentcircumstances.Ontheotherhand,toagreatextent,thelayoutofagoodpieceoftranslationcomesfromthecreativeworkofthetranslator,whoseflexibilityandadaptabilityaretestedwheneverlongandcomplexsentencesoccur.Inthissense,thereisnoreasonforustosticktotheabovese

7、quencemechanically.3.MethodsofTranslatingLongEnglishSentences•Translatinginoriginalsequenceorinreverseorder,translatingbydivisionorbysynthesis.1.Normalorder•AndmanyexpertspredictthatineconomictermsthetunnelwillbenefitFrancemorethanBrita