SAT2物理 总结

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1、Wave1.Mechanicalwavesareperiodicdisturbancesinamediumthattransfeienergy2.electromagneticwavesdonotneedamediumforpropagation3.wavescanbeeithertransverseorlongitudinal4.thevelocityofawaveisequaltothetheproductofitsfrequencyanditswavelength5.inferenceanddiffractionarecharacteristicsty

2、picalforallwaves6.resonanceinvolvesmatchingthenaturalvibratingvibratingfrequencyofobjects7.nodesarepointsthatdonotmoveinastandingwave8.standingwavenodeoccureveryhalfwavelength.9.diffractionoccursaswavesbendaroundbarriersinthesamemedium10.interferencecaneitherbeconstructive(reinforc

3、e)ordestructive(cancellation)11.superpositionisthemixingofwaves,whichcaneitheraddorsubtractamplitudesdependingonthephasesoftheinterferingwaves.DopplereffectLawsofvibratingstringsVibratingaircolumns(closedpipesopenpipes)Thenumberofbeats=thedifferencebetweenthetwofrequenciesGeometric

4、aloptics:ReflectionandRefractionNormal法线incidentlight入射光线diffusereflection漫反射regularreflection镜面反射erect正立的centerofcurvature(C)两倍焦距principalfocus(F)f=C/21.lightisanelectromagneticwave2.Thelawofreflectionstatesthattheangleofincidenceisequaltotheangleofreflection.3.Allanglearemeasures

5、relativetothenormalline.4.Refractionisachangeinthedirectionoflightcausedbyachangeinlight’svelocityasitgoesfromonetransparentmediumintoanotheratanobliqueangle.5.Theabsoluteindexofrefractionofatransparentmaterialisequaltotheratioofthevelocityoflightinairtothevelocityoflightinthemater

6、ial.6.Aslightgoesformalower-indexmaterialtoahigh-indexmaterial,itslowsdownandbendstowardthenormal.7.n1*sinθ1=n2*sinθ28.Totalreflectionoccurswhentheangleoftheincidenceintheopticallydensermediumisgraterthanthecriticalangle(oneconditionismustn1:n2>1)9.Realimagecanbeprojectedontoascree

7、n.Vitulimagescannotbeprojectedandarepercievedbythebrainasexistingontheothersideofamirror.10.Realimagescanbeformedbyconcavemirrororconvexlenses.11.Aprismcandispersewhitelightintothecolorsofthespctrumsincethedifferentfrequenciesoflightrefractatdifferentangleintheprime.1.Table(1)13.Th

8、ecolorofanopaqueobjectisde