资源描述：
《Beijing27sHistory(北京历史)》由会员上传分享，免费在线阅读，更多相关内容在教育资源-天天文库。
1、Beijing's HistorySomehalfamillionyearsago,PekingmanlivedinZhoukoudian,inthesouthwesternsuburbsofBeijing.Theclimateofthattimewaswarmerandmorehumidthanitistoday.Forestsandlakesintheareasupportedlargenumbersoflivingcreatures.ThefossilremainsofPekingman,hisstonetoolsandevidenceofuseoffire,aswellaslater
2、toolsof18,000yearsago,boneneedlesandarticleofadornmentfromtheageofUpperCaveManaretheearliestculturalrelicsonrecordinChinatoday.Somefourtofivethousandyearsago,settlementstothesouthwestofBeijingwerethrivingonbasicagricultureandanimalhusbandry.StoryhasitthatthelegendaryYellowEmperor(HuangDi)battledaga
3、instthetriballeaderChiyouinthe"wildernessoftheprefectureofZhuo."Zhuolu,atownwestofpresentdayBeijing,isperhapsthesiteofthefirstmetropolisinthearea.YellowEmperor'ssuccessor,EmperorYao,wassaidtohaveestablishedalegendarycapitalYoudu(CityofQuietude)thatwaswherethecityofJiwasactuallybuilt.DuringtheWarrin
4、gStatesPeriod(475-221BC),theMarquisofYanannexedtheterritoryoftheMarquisofJi,makingthecityofJihisnewcapital.TheapproximatelocationwasnorthofGuang'anmenGateinpresentdayBeijingneartheWhiteCloudTemple(Baiyunguan).EarlyinthethirdcenturyBC,thefirstEmperorofQin(QinShiHuang)setaboutconqueringsixstatesandu
5、nifyingChina.ThecityofJiwasnamedadministrativecenterofGuangyangCommandery,oneof36prefecturesinChina'sfirstfeudalempire.For10centuries,throughtotheendoftheTangDynasty(618-907),Jiremainedastrategictradingandmilitarycenterandtheobjectoffrequentpowerstruggles.Twoemperorsduringthatperiod--EmperorYangoft
6、heSuiDynasty(581-618)andEmperorTaizongoftheTangDynasty--lefttheirmarkonthecity.EmperorYangamassedtroopsandsuppliesatJiforexpeditionsagainstKorea.EmperorTaizongalsousedthecityformilitarytraining.HebuilttheTempleforCompassionfortheLoyal(Minzhongsi),whichisdedicatedtotroopswhodiedinbattle.Thistemplewa
7、stheprecursoroftheTempleoftheOriginoftheDharma(Fayuansi)locatedoutsidetheoldwallsofthecity.AtthebeginningoftheTangDynasty,Jiwaslittledifferentfromanyotherlargefeudalcities.Severalcenturieslater,however,when
