专业英语重点掌握词汇2015年

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1、专业英语重点词汇整理单元词汇一U1Mechanicsofmaterials材料力学Stress/strain应力/应变Bar/shaft/beam/column杆/轴/梁/柱Tensilestress/strain拉应力/拉应变Compressstress/strain压应力/压应变Prismaticbar等截面杆Crosssection横截面Axialforce轴向力Shear剪力Mechanicalbehavior力学性能Logical/theoreticalderivation逻辑/理论推导Criticalload临界荷

2、载Fundamentalconcepts基本概念Rightangle正交Hydrostaticpressure静水压力Submergedsurface浸没面Uniformdistribution均匀分布Failureload破坏荷载Centroidofcrosssection截面形心Resultant合力Magnitude大小，尺寸一U4Force/displacementmethod力法/位移法Degreeofstaticalindeterminacy超静定次数Released/redundantforce放松力/赘余力Ex

3、ternalappliedload外加荷载Settlementofsupport支座沉降Temperaturevariation温度变化Indeterminatestructure超静定结构（degreeof）Kinematicindeterminacy独立位移（数目）Coordinatesystem坐标系Jointdisplacement节点位移Restrainingforce约束力Resultingstructure生成结构Procedure过程Fixed-endforce固端力Withtheaidof借助于Standar

4、dtable标准表格Prestrain预应力Internalforce内力Restrainedposition约束位移Configuration状态Degreeoffreedom自由度Originalstructure原结构Superpositionquation叠加公式一U7Man-madeconglomerate人造组合石材Portlandcement普通水泥Coarseaggregate粗骨料Structural/stoneconcrete结构/碎石混凝土Structurallightweightconcrete轻质结构

5、混凝土Compressivematerial抗压缩材料Tensile/compressivestrength抗拉/抗压强度Steelbar钢筋Shearingstresses剪应力Reinforcedconcretebeam钢筋混凝土梁Numerousminutecracks许多微裂缝(major)tensilestresses（主）拉应力Proportionsofitsconstituents成分配比Cure养护Chemicalaction化学作用Wellgraded级配良好Qualityconcrete优质混凝土Prope

6、rhydrationofthecement水泥适当水化Constructionpractices施工时间Specify专用于Formable/moldable可成型的/可模性的Curvilinearmembers曲线形构件Inherenttexture固有的纹理Formingmaterial成模材料Rawmaterial原材料Labor人工费Basicingredients基本成分Less-developedcountry不发达国家Continuity连续性Rigidity刚性Monolithic整体性Moment-resis

7、tantjoints抗弯节点Low-riseconcretebuilding底层混凝土建筑物Asecondarybracingsystemforlateralloads辅助斜支撑系统Inessence实质上Concretebeam/column混凝土梁/柱Sensitivedesigner聪明的设计人员Precaststructuralelements预制结构构件Continuousmanner连续方向Fireproof耐火性Separateprotectionsystem单独保护系统Effectivebarriertosou

8、ndtransmission有效的隔音材料Negativeaspects缺点方面Maintaininghighqualitylevel保持高性能水准Increasedcosts成本的提高Overalleconomics综合经济效益Supplier供应商Field-or-job