2017初中语法专题讲解及练习---被动语态(有答案)

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1、被动语态学习内容一、基本概念语态是动词的一种形式，它表示主语和谓语的关系。语态有两种：主动语态和被动语态。如果主语是动作的执行者，要用主动语态；如果主语是动作的承受者，则用被动语态。二、基本分类（使用被动语态的情况）不知道：Somenewcomputerswerestolenlastnight.一些新电脑在昨晚被盗了。没必要：Eighthoursperdayforsleepmustbeguaranteed.每天8小时睡眠必须得到保证。需强调：Chineseisspokenbymoreandmorepeopleintheworld.世界上越来越多

2、的人说汉语。过去分词表被动，是被动语态的标志。被动被动be在动：反映时态变化三、用法详解1、构成：be+动词过去分词be+doneam/is/arewas/weream/is/are+beingdonewas/were+beingwill/begoingto+behave/has/had+beencan/must/may/needbetobe5/5时态主动语态被动语态例句主动语态被动语态一般现在时do/doesam/is/aredoneWecleantheclassroom.Theclassroomiscleanedbyus.一般过去时didw

3、as/weredoneHemadethekite.Thekitewasmadebyhim.一般将来时will/shall/begoingtodowill/shall/begoingtobedoneTheywillplattreestomorrow.Treeswillbeplantedbythemtomorrow.现在完成时have/hasdonehave/hasbeendoneJimhasfinishedthework.TheworkhasbeenfinishedbyJim.情态动词can/may/mustdocan/may/mustbedon

4、eIcanfindhim.Hecanbefoundbyme.2、解题步骤1）第一步：判断正确的被动结构：be+done2）第二步：根据时间状语判断时态，选出正确答案。【小试牛刀】1.Today,computersarereallyhelpful.They____everywhere.A.useB.areusedC.usedD.wereused2.Manyaccidents________bycarelessdriverslastyears.A.arecausedB.werecausedC.havecausedD.willcause3.Thero

5、ad_____________lastyear.A.buildsB.builtC.wasbuiltD.isbuilt答案：BBC3、五项注意1）不及物动词无被动语态：无宾语何来被动Whatwillhappenin100years.　　Thedinosaursdisappearedabout65millionyearsago.2）变被动还原to：四看三使两听一感觉★　　Agirlsawmywalletdropwhenshepassedby.→Mywalletwasseentodropbyagirlwhenshepassedby.　　Theboss

6、madethelittleboydoheavywork.→5/5Thelittleboywasmadetodoheavyworkbytheboss.3）双宾变被动：直宾（物）作主语需加介词Hegavemeabook.→Abookwasgiventomebyhim.　　Myfatherboughtmeanewbike.→Anewbikewasboughtformebymyfather.4）短语是整体：勿忘介词或副词Wecan'tlaughathim.→Hecan’tbelaughedatbyus.　　Helistenstotheradioever

7、yday.→Theradioislistenedtobyhimeveryday.5）复合宾语变被动：宾语变主语，宾补成主补IheardJaneplayingthepianoinherroom.→Janewasheardplayingthepianoinherroom.4、主动表被动1）need,want,require（要求，需要）/deserve(应得，值得),beworth值得）①Thebookisworthreading.这本书值得一读。②Theoldbuildingrequiresrepairing.这座古建筑需要修了。③Theseyo

8、ungseedlingswillrequire/needlookingafter这些幼苗将需要小心的照管。④Yourhairwants/needscu