Who_pays_the_Farryman_The_Testimony_of_A

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1、KLIO9520132285–314ÁgnesAlföldy-GĂzdac/CristianGĂzdac(Cluj-Napoca)„WhopaystheFerryman?“TheTestimonyofAncientSourcesontheMythofCharon*ToBruceandSueBeaWrightMostlikely,wewillneverentirelyunderstand‚thephilosophyofdeparture‘:thefeelingsofthosewhocameincontactwithdeath;thecom

2、plexityoftheimageryaboutaworldwherethe‚living‘cannotenter;thearsenalofgesturestocalmandconsolethoseinmourning.Forthenon-literatecivilizationsthearchaeologicalevidence–inmanycasesnotveryexhaustive–istheonlywaytopenetrateintheintimatesphereofpersonalbeliefsandhabitslinkedt

3、othedeathand‚thesurviving‘beyondthislimit.WearemorefortunatefortheperiodofclassicalAntiquity.Thefirstflourishingoffictionalandscientificliteratureinthehumanhistoryoffersusthepossibilitytobringthearchaeologicalresearchfromfumblinginthedarkintothelight.Thenumeroussourcesof

4、GreekandRomansauthorsarenewcoordinatesthatcanimproveourhypoth-eses.MostoftheliterarysourcesregardingtheCharonfigureandthefeeforcrossingintotheafterlifeweregatheredandanalysedbySusanneT.Stevens1andG.Thüry.2Theirworkshavethemeritstogobehindthewrittenlinesofthesourcesanddee

5、pinanalys-ingtheissuefromtheindividualandcollectivementalitypointofview.Thenumerousliterarysourcescollectedbythetwoauthors–towhichweaddothersunknownatthemoment3–representthemainsourcesforthepresentwork.4Thecombinationoftheseliterarysourceswitharchaeologicalandculturalcon

6、textsshowsthemythofCharoninanewlight.TheaimofthisstudyistoidentifygeneralandspecificpatternsofthetopicsuchastrackingthethoughtprocessofapersoninclassicalAntiquitywithrelationshiptothetraditionalconceptsoftheclassicalmythologyandtheritualsduringthefunerarycere-mony.Susann

7、eStevenshasnotedthehomogenousanalyseofCharon’sobolintheliterarysourcesonthedifferentgeographical,culturalareasinvariouschronologicalsegments*ThisstudywasrefinedwithinthepostdocprogramPOSDRU61104attheInstitutefortheHistoryofReligionsBucharestandtheresearchprojectPN-II-ID-

8、TE-2012-3-0216towhomweexpressourgratitude.ThanksgoestoDr.LigiaRuscuforhelpinguswiththetranslationofsome