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1、名词复数的规则变化1.绝大多数的可数名词的复数形式,是在该词末尾加上后辍-s。例:friend→friendscat→catssport→sportsstyle→stylespiece→pieces2.凡是以s、x、ch、sh结尾的词,在该词末尾加上后辍-es构成复数。例:bus→busesfox→foxesmatch→matchesflash→flashes3.以辅音字母+y结尾的名词,将y改变为i,再加-es。city→citiescountry→countriesfactory→factories4.以f、fe结尾的,把f、fe变为v,
2、再加es,如:half→halvesknife→knives leaf→leaves wolf→wolves wife→wives life→lives thief→thieves;5.以o结尾的名词,变复数时:可以简单地记成有生活的要加es。 加es,如:potato→potatoes tomato→tomatoeshero→heroes加e,如:photo→photos piano→pianosradio→radios zoo→zoos;动词第三人称单数的变化规则(加"-s"或"-es")1.一般情况下,直接加-s,如:cook-c
3、ooks,milk-milks2.以s.x.sh.ch.o结尾,加-es,如:guess-guesses,wash-washes,watch-watches,go-goes3.以“辅音字母+y”结尾,变y为i,再加-es,如:study-studies动词加ing的变化规则1.一般情况下,直接加ing,如:cook-cooking2.以不发音的e结尾,去e加ing,如:make-making,taste-tastingtake-taking3.双写最后一个字母,再加ing,如:run-running,stop-stoppingswim-swi
4、mming4以ie结尾的动词,把ie改为y,再加ing,如:die-dying,lie-lying动词过去式变化规则1.一般在动词末尾加-ed,如:pull-pulled,cook-cooked2.结尾是不发音的字母e,加d,如:taste-tasted3.双写最后一个字母再加-ed,如:stop-stopped4.以“辅音字母+y”结尾的,变y为i,再加-ed,如:study-studied形容词比较级的构成1.直接在单词末尾加-er,如old--older,young--younger;2.以e结尾只加-r,如nice--nicer;3.
5、双写末尾的辅音字母,再加-er,如big--bigger,thin--thinner;4.以辅音字母加y结尾,改y为i,再加-er,如heavy--heavier;5.其它不规则变化,如:good—better数词的变换基数词序数词表次数1.onefirstonce2.twosecondtwice3.threethirdthreetimes4.fivefifthfourtimes5.eighteighth6.nineninth7.twelvetwelfth8.twentytwentieth国家变为形容词或国人的转换Australia-Aust
6、ralianAfrica-AfricanAmerica-AmericanAsia-AsianCanada-CanadianChina-ChineseEngland-English/EnglishmanEurope-EuropeanFrance-French/FrenchmanIndia-IndianItaly-ItalianJapan-JaneseMexico-MexicanRussia-Russian(复数变化规则:中日不变,英法变,其余加s)动词→名词表示人-er:beginner,builder,buyer,cleaner,dancer
7、,driver,farmer,keeper,killer,listening,owner,player,printer,runner,swimmer,speaker,seller,teacher,traveller,winner,worker,writer-or:actor,creator,inventor,operator,sailor,visitor动词过去分词为形容词:break--broken,close-closed,lose-lost,marry-married,worry-worried动词现在分词和过去分词为形容词:excit
8、e--exciting--excitedinterest--interesting--intestedsurprise--surprising—surpriedti