The-Buddha-s-Philosophy-of-Language

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1、TheBuddha'sPhilosophy..ofLanguage.DavidJ.Kalupahana.,:··..'>:".·-.·:..:·--~-·...;..~-...ASARVODAYAVISHVALEKHAPUBLICATIONL....--------THEBUDDHA'SPHILOSOPHYOFLANGUAGEFirstedition:1999©David1.KalupahanaISBN955-599-147-2PrintedinSriLankaby....0"'"..."'O�VISNVItoLIEN"p.w-41LurnbiniMawathaRatrnalana

2、CONTENTSPrefacei-ivAbbreviationsvI.Languageinpre-BuddhistIndiaI-142.Alanguageofdiscovery15-223.Defusedconception23-334.Experienceexpressed34-405.Non-conceptualknowledge41-476.Natureoflanguage?48-547.Languageoftemporality55-598.Experienceandtheory60-669.Formulationoftheory67-7110.Analysis72-76I

3、I.Languageandtruth77-8312.Logicofbecoming84-9113.Languageofmorals92-9814.Languageoffreedom99-10415.Languageafterfreedom105-11116.Privateandpubliclanguages112-117Conclusion118-121Notes122-132Bibliography133-134PREFACEIntheIntroductiontomyrecentpublication,AHistory,pfBuddhistPhilosophy(1992),itw

4、asobservwthat,althoughweareunawareofthespecificlanguageusebytheBuddha,thereseemstobenodoubtaboutthewayheusedwhateverlanguagewasinvogue.Hisphilosophyofnon-substantialismandradicalempiricismcompelledhimtomakeminimaluseoftheactivevoiceandtousethepassiveforms,theaoristsandpastparticiples,asisevide

5、ntinthediscourses.TwowrittenlanguagestbatemergwsubsequentlyandwereassociatwprimarilywithBuddhism,eventhoughtheirspokenformsmayhaveexistedbeforetheintroductionofBuddhismtothesecountries,aretheclassicallanguagesofSriLankaandTibet.ClassicalSinhalabecamealiterarymediumonlyaftertheintroductionofBud

6、dhismtoSriLankaduringthethirdcenturyB.C.,andclassicalTibetan,includingthealphabet,wasdevelopedinordertotranslateBuddhisttextsaftertheintroductionofBuddhismtothatcountry,inthesixthcenturyA.D.Thesetwolanguagesadoptedpassiveformstoanextentrarelynoticwinanyotherlanguage.1Thisunusuallinguisticpheno

7、menonwastracwbacktotheintroductoryphraseprefixedtoeverydiscourse:"Thushasitbeenheardby.me".(evam..me_sutaniorevammayasrutam).TraditionhasitthatitwasAnandawhomadethesereports.EventhoughhedidnotattainenlightenmentandfreedomwhentheBuddhawa