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1、©Copyright2009Dr.OveBratlandAllrightsreserved.Noproportionofthisbookmaybereproducedinanyformorbyanymeans,includingelectronicstorageandretrivialsystems,exceptbyexplicit,priorwrittenpermissionfromDr.OveBratlandexceptforbriefpassagesexcerptedforreviewandc
2、riticalpurposes.PipeFlow1:Single-phaseFlowAssuranceFornon-commercialuseonly“Intellectualssolveproblems,geniusespreventthem.”AlbertEinsteinPPrreeffaacceeAlbertEinstein‟swisdomregardingpreventingproblemsbeforetheyoccurcertainlymakessenseinpipelineandpipe
3、networkprojects.Flowassurance–makingsurethefluidflowsasintended–reliesheavilyonmathematicalmodelsandthesimulationstheyenable.Simulatingtheflowandeverythingaffectingitcontributestoproblempreventionandefficiency,fromfeasibilitystudiesthroughdetailedengin
4、eeringtooperation.Evermorepipelinesarebeingbuiltaroundtheworld,andthenumberofpeopleinvolvedinvariouspipeflowcalculationsseemstoincreasedaily.Itismyhopethatthisbookcanbeofhelptoeveryoneengagedinthosetasks.Therearemanycommercialsimulationtoolsavailableon
5、themarket,andthevariationinuserfriendlinessandunderlyingtheoreticalfoundationforthevariousprogramsareastonishing.Thepurposeofthisbookistoexplainhowpipeflowsimulationprogramsworkandhowtocheckresultstheyproduce.Itgoesintoenoughdetailtoenablethereadertocr
6、eatehisownsimulationtoolsanditalsoexplainshowtoselectandusecommercialprograms.Itdemonstratessomecommonsourcesoferrorsandhowtoavoidthem.Pipeflowisacomplexphenomenon,andtherehavebeenalotofnew,valuabledevelopmentslately.Recentadvancementscomefromsuchfield
7、sasfluidmechanics,mechanicalengineering,chemistry,numericalmathematics,softwaredevelopment,controltheory,andstandardization.Itisachallengetokeepupwithitall,andthisbookintendstomaketheeffortmoremanageable.Thetaskisasmuchaspossibleseenfromtheengineer‟spo
8、intofview,andIhavetriedtoavoidgoingtoodeepintodetailsintheunderlyingtheory.Pipeflowproblemscanbecategorizedaccordingtowhatsortoffluidswearedealingwith,suchasliquids,gases,drybulk,oramixtureofseveralofthem.Thisbookisprimarilyaboutsingle-
