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1、主谓一致一、确定主语单复数的三个原则1.语法上一致的原则根据用作主语的名词的词尾变化，或用作主语的代词的形式来确定谓语的数或人称。Theboyplaysfootball.Theboysplayfootballwell.1>在“主语+系语+表语结构”中，系动词要与主语的数保持一致，不受其标语的影响Theirgreatestconcernisthechildren.Themostappreciatedgiftwastheclothesthatyousentus.WhatweneedmostisbooksPaulisfri
2、endswithBill.2>与修饰主语的短语连用，谓语至于主语保持一致alongwith,aswellas,inadditionto,accompaniedby,ratherthan,asmuchas,nolessthan,including,besides,except,but,likeThefactorywithallitsequipmenthasbeenburnt.YouaswllasIarewrong.Themanager,alongwithhissecretaries,isgoingtoadinnerpa
3、rtytonight.2.概念上一致的原则有时根据名词的单数或复数词尾并不能确定谓语动词的形式，说话人要表达的概念而起着决定性的作用。也就是说，要根据主语所表达的具体含义来确定它的数，而不是只看表面的词尾变化。Myfamilyareallearlyrisers.（指家中的全体成员，有复数含义）Hisfamilyhasmovedintothenewhouse.（指整个家，用作单数）Fiveminutesisenough.（一整段时间，看做单数）Thecrewarewaitingforinstructionsfromth
4、ecaptain.（指全体船员，有复数含义）3.邻近一致原则在某些句子中，谓语动词并不是与整个主语保持一致，而是要与并列主语中距离它最近的的名词或代词保持数或人称上的一致。or,either…or…,neither/not…nor…,notonly…butalso…,not…butNeitherhenortheyarewhollyright.NeitherTomnortheBrownsenjoytheirjourneytoBeijingowingtothebadweather.Eitheryourkeyormykey
5、ismissing.Notonlytheybutalsotheirteacherhasparticipatedintheparty.HeorIaminthewrong.二、谓语用单数形式的情况1>动名词，动词不定式或主语从句作主语Readingisagreatpleasureinlife.Tolivemeanstocreate.Thatweneedmoretimeisobvious.1>数词或“数词+复数名词（表示时间，距离，金额，重量，大小，体积等）”作主语。Eighthoursofsleeoisenough.Fi
6、veisanoddnumber.Ahundredmilesisquiteadrive,isn’tit?Fivetonsisaheavyload.Tendollarsistoomuchtopayforthatshirt.2>复数形式的专有名词作主语ThePhilippinesconsistsofmorethan7,000islands.TheUnitedNationshasitsheadquartersinNewYorkCity.3>“manya/morethanone+单数名词”作主语Manyalittlemakes
7、amickle.积少成多。Morethanonegrammaticalmistakewasfoundinhiscomposition.4>表示鸟兽鱼群的词如aflockofbirds,apackofdogs,aprideoflions,aherdofcattle,aschooloffish作主语Aflockofbirdsiscirclingoverhead.Theherdofcattleisbreakingaway.那群牛跑散开去。三、主语含有and时的谓语形式1>“单数名词+and+单数名词”作主语，谓语动词用复数
8、。JoeandBobaresmart.HeandIaregoodfriend.ThePoetandthenovelistwerebothpresentatthemeeting.那位诗人和那位小说家都出席了会议。2>如果有and所连接的并列主语指的是同一个人或物时，谓语动词用单数。Thestatesmanandpoetwasengagedinwa
