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1、RobertBrowning(1812-1889)SocialBackground(theVictorianAge)Politicalreform1.Thekingandthepeerswerebothstrippedoftheirpower.2.TheHouseofCommonsbecametherulingpower.3.Aseriesofnewreformbillsrapidlyextendthesuffrage,untilthewholebodyofEnglishpeoplechooseforthemselvesthemenwh
2、oshallrepresentthem.ThemostimportantimmediatelegislativeaccomplishmentofthereformedparliamentwastheemancipationofslavesinBritishdominions.(1833)Popularizationofeducation.Advanceintechnology.Alltheabovehavebeenreactedinproseandpoetry.TheChartistMovementDuringtheyearsafter
3、1832,themajorcontradictioninthepoliticalarenabecamemoredefinitelythatbetweenlaborandcapital.Theyearsbetween1832andtheearly50’ssawanimportantseriesofeventsknownastheChartistMovement.AsLeninsaid,“thefirstbroad,reallymass,politicallyformed,proletarianrevolutionarymovement.”
4、In1836theLondonWorkingmen’sAssociationdeterminedtoembarkuponacampaignofpoliticalpropagandaanddrewupa“Charter”.Thoughthisprogramwasonthefaceofitspolitical,thebasicpurposeoftheChartistswastheredressofsocialgrievanceswhichcould,theyheld,beaccomplishedonlywhenworkingmanhadre
5、presentationinParliament.TherevivalofChartismin1846-1848,wasthelastflickerofwhathadoncethreatenedtobecomeaconflagration.EarlyLifeBornonMay7,1812,inCamberwell.Robertwasanimpulsive,fearlesslittleboywhowasalsoratheraprodigy,writingpoemsandreadingHomerataveryyoungage.Inhiste
6、ens,BrowningdiscoveredShelley,adoptingtheauthor'sconfessionalisminpoetry.Helearnedmanylanguagesanddevouredhisfather'shistorybooks.Healsolikedtoreadbooksthatwereconsideredrathershockingandnotquitesuitableforchildren.TheCamberwellPalace(1900)EarlyLifeAt16,Robertbeganattend
7、ingthenewly-formedLondonUniversity,establishedforthoseNonconformists【非国教徒】likeRobertwhowerebarredfromOxfordandCambridge.Robertattendedforonlyjustoverayear,thoughthankstohisreading,hewasreallyquiteaneducatedman.Healsowasquitearrogantattimes.Hisfamilyhadenoughmoneytosuppor
8、thiminthesepoeticalendeavors.Hisfirstpublishedwork,Pauline,wasconsiderednotverygood,butpromising;Hissec
