考研资料：北京大学细胞生物学第十一章+细胞增殖极其调控

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1、3.Cytokinesis(1)InanimalcellsTheMTofmitoticspindledeterminetheplaneofanimalcelldivision;Mitosiscanoccurwithoutcytokinesis.Contractilering:ActinandmyosinIIinthecontractileringgeneratetheforceforcytokinesis(2)Inplantcells:Thephragmoplastguidescytokinesisinhigherplants;The

2、assemblyofthecellplatebeginsinlateanaphaseandisguidedbyphragmoplast4.MeiosisThecomparisonofmeiosisandmitosisTwomajorcontributionstothereassortmentofgeneticmaterialthatoccursintheproductionofgametesduringmeiosis.VisibleevidenceofcrossingoverComparisonofthemechanismsofchr

3、omosomealignment(atmetaphase)andseparation(atanaphase)inmeioticdivisionIandmeioticdivisionII.MeioticchromosomepairingculminatesintheformationofthesynaptonemalcomplexInfluenceofSryongonaddevelopment.Thestagesofoogenesisandspermatogenesis5.Thecell-cyclecontrolsystemA.Thec

4、ell-cyclecontrolsystemtriggersthemajorprocessesofthecellcycleB.ThecontrolsystemcanarrestthecellcycleatspecificcheckpointsC.Thecellcyclecontrolsystemisbasedoncyclicallyactivedproteinkinases---cyclin-dependentkinases(Cdks).EnginemoleculesforcellcycleG1checkpoint:fissionye

5、astcells:Startpoint；Animalcells:RestrictionPointD.MPF(Maturation-promotingfactor，Mitosis-promotingfactor)Lab.ofTorontoUnivandYaleUniv.maturationpromotingfactor,MPFPurdueUniv.:BehaviorofMPFThefusionofM-phaseHeLacellwithPtkcell(G1、S、G2)inducingPCC.Exp.Demonstrationthatce

6、llscontainfactorsthatstimulateentryintomitosis.；Theprematurelycondensedchromosome(PCC)MPF(M-Cdk):p34cdc2cyclinB{Twosubunits:Catalyticsubunittransfers~PfromATPtoSerandThr;Regulatorysubunitcalledcyclin(MarineBiologicalLab.atWoodsHoleandUCBerkeleyUniv.ofOxford--yeast)E.Asi

7、mplifiedviewofthecoreofthecell-cycleconreolsystemCdkassociatessuccessivelywithdifferentcyclinstotriggerthedifferenteventsofthecycle.Cdkactivityisusuallyterminatedbycyclindegradation.Treeofcyclinsarerequiredinalleucaryoticcells:G1/S-cyclinsbindCdksattheendofG1andcommitth

8、ecelltoDNAreplication.S-cyclinsbindCdksduringSphaseandarerequiredfortheinitiationofDNAreplication.M-cyclinspro