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1、JNanopartRes(2008)10:39–57DOI10.1007/s11051-008-9427-7REVIEWPAPERPlasmasynthesisofnanopowdersDieterVollathReceived:10January2008/Accepted:21May2008/Publishedonline:10June2008ÓSpringerScience+BusinessMediaB.V.2008AbstractThereisahugevarietyofplasmaprocessesPlasmaprocessesareaspecialv
2、arietyofgasphaseforsynthesisofnanoparticulatepowders.Theymaybeprocesseswithabundleofessentialadvantages.Mostgroupedwithrespecttooperatingtemperature,whichimportantarethehighefficiencywithrespecttoenergyistheessentialparameterwithrespecttothepropertiesconsumptionand—incaseofpropersele
3、ctionofoftheproducts.Inviewofindustrialproduction,theoperatingconditions—extremenarrowparticlesizehighestdegreeofmaturityisfoundinhightemperaturedistributions.Narrowparticlesizedistributionsareprocessesworkingunderambientpressure.Forprod-obtained,becauseparticleformationinplasmasyn-
4、ucts,wherewell-definedpropertiesaredemanded,lowthesisis,incontrasttoconventionalgasphasetemperaturemicrowaveplasmaprocessesarebestsynthesis,notnecessarilyarandomprocess,rather,itsuited.Additionally,theseprocessesallowcoatingofmaybecontrolledbyparticlecharging.Therearemanytheproducedp
5、articles,evenwithorganicphases.Otherdifferentdemandswithrespecttoproductqualityandprocesseswhereplasmasareinvolved,suchaslaserorquantity.Therefore,ahugenumberofvariantsofflameprocessescoupledwithelectricfieldshave,toplasmaprocessesweredeveloped.Additionally,asomeextent,ahighpotentialf
6、ordevelopment.seriesofothersynthesisprocessareconnectedtoplasma,evenwhentheyareusuallynotreferredasKeywordsNanoparticlesPlasmaprocessesplasmaprocess.SomeoftheseprocessesarediscussedRFprocessesMicrowavesynthesiswithinthisarticle,too.LasersynthesisCoatedparticlesLangmuir(1928)co
7、inedthenotationplasmainNanotechnologyNanomanufacturing1928.Itdescribesagaseousstateofmattercontainingelectricallychargedparticles;wherethesumofthesechargesisnil.Thechargedparticlesmaybeelec-trons,ionizedatomsormolecules,and,incaseofIntroductionsynthesisprocesses,chargednanoparticle
8、s.Asthechargecarrie
