PAMDirac.AJP[1]dirac and quantimum

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1、P.A.M.Diracandthediscoveryofquantummechanicsa
KurtGottfriedLaboratoryforElementaryParticlePhysics,CornellUniversity,Ithaca,NewYork14853
Received22June2010;accepted6December2010Diracscontributionstothediscoveryofnonrelativisticquantummechanicsandquantumelectrodynamics,priortohisdiscovery

2、oftherelativisticwaveequation,aredescribed.©2011AmericanAssociationofPhysicsTeachers.DOI:10.1119/1.353663910I.INTRODUCTIONduringDiracsrisetofame,observedthatDiracisratherlikeonesideaofGandhi.Heisquiteindifferenttocold,Diracsmostfamouscontributionstoscience,theDiracdiscomfort,food,….Hei

3、squiteincapableofpretendingtoequationandthepredictionofantimatter,areknowntoallthinkanythingthathedidnotreallythink.Intheageofphysicists.ButmanyphysicistsareunawareofDiracsear-Galileohewouldhavebeenaverycontentedmartyr.lierimportantcontributions:thatheplayedakeyroleintheInaconversationIh

4、adwithNielsBohrin1959aboutdiscoveryanddevelopmentofnonrelativisticquantumme-superconductivity,hesuddenlyremarkedthat11Diracwaschanics,andthattheformulationofquantumelectrodynam-thestrangestmanwhoevervisitedmyinstitute.Iaskedicsisalmostentirelyduetohim.Ithereforerestrictmyselftowhy,andBoh

5、rrespondedthatduringoneofDiracsvisitsIhisworkpriortothepublicationoftheDiracequationinaskedhimwhathewasdoing.Herepliedthathewastrying11928.totakethesquarerootofamatrix,andIthoughttomyselfThisarticledoesnotpretendtobeanoriginalcontributionwhatastrangethingforsuchabrilliantmantobedoing.Not

6、tothehistoryofphysics.ItspurposeistoofferreaderswithlongafterwardtheproofsheetsofhisarticleontheequationaknowledgeofquantummechanicsasketchofDiracsrolearrived,andIrealizedhehadnoteventoldmethathehadinthemostdramaticchapterinthedevelopmentofthebeentryingtotakethesquarerootoftheunitmatrix!

7、Dirac25theory.wassoshythathewantedtorefusetheNobelPrize,butAmongthefoundersofmoderntheoreticalphysics,changedhismindafterRutherfordwarnedhimthatturningitDiracscontributionsandstaturearecomparabletothoseofdownwouldproducefarmorepublicity.BohrandHeisenberg,andsurpassedonlyb