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1、7.10MetalStableIsotopesinWeatheringandHydrologyTDBullen,USGeologicalSurvey,MenloPark,CA,USAã2014ElsevierLtd.Allrightsreserved.7.10.1Introduction3297.10.2EssentialBackgroundInformation3307.10.2.1MetalStableIsotopeFractionationProcesses3307.10.2.2Instrumentation3317.10
2、.2.2.1Data:Acquisition,reduction,andaccuracy3327.10.3Li,Mg,Ca,andFeStableIsotopeSignalsintheEnvironment3337.10.3.1Lithium3347.10.3.2Magnesium3367.10.3.3Calcium3407.10.3.4Iron3437.10.4FrontierMetalStableIsotopeSystems3477.10.4.1Strontium3487.10.4.2Copper3487.10.4.3Zin
3、c3497.10.4.4Chromium3517.10.5DirectionsForward3527.10.5.1OtherPotentialMetalStableIsotopeTracers:TheLogicalNextSteps3537.10.5.2GettingtheHandleonIsotopeFractionationFactors3547.10.5.3DevelopingRobustMultitracerApproaches354References3557.10.1Introductionend-membercom
4、ponentanalysis.Fordiscerningmineralweatheringprocessesalongwaterflowpaths,theradiogenicForthebulkofEarth’ssurfacesystems,weatheringandhydrol-isotopesofmetalssuchasSrandUhaveprovenparticularlyogyarecomplementaryprocesses.Formineralweatheringtovaluable(e.g.,BlumandErel
5、,2003).Forthemostpart,theproceed,waterisrequiredtopromotehydrolysisatmineralwaterandmetalradiogenicisotopeshavebeenmostusefulforsurfaces,fordissolutionofsolublecomponentsfromthedeterminingthesourceofaparticularparcelofwateroraminerals,andfortransportofionsawayfromthe
6、siteofweath-dissolvedmetal,althoughsometimesprocessescanberecog-ering.Inturn,thefateofthoseweatheringproducts,particularlynized(e.g.,evaporationwiththewaterisotopesandmineral-orassecondaryminerals,canstronglyinfluencethehydrologyofrock-specificweatheringwiththemetalr
7、adiogenicisotopes).8786theresultingweatheredsectionduetomodificationoffactorsHowever,radiogenicisotopesystemssuchasSr(Sr/Sr)or234238suchasthehydraulicconductivityandtransmissivityoftheU(U/U)havebeenusedmainlyasproxiestounderstandregolithmatrix.Thisessentialsynergybet
8、weenweatheringandthebehaviorofothermetalssuchasCaortoprovideanhydrologyisembodied,forexample,inthenewandevolvingadditionalwatersour
