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1、IEEEJOURNALONSELECTEDAREASINCOMMUNICATIONS,VOL.23,NO.2,FEBRUARY2005201CognitiveRadio:Brain-EmpoweredWirelessCommunicationsSimonHaykin,LifeFellow,IEEEInvitedPaperAbstract—Cognitiveradioisviewedasanovelapproachforim-Inmanybands,spectrumaccessisamoresignifi-provingtheutilizationofapreciousnaturalresourc
2、e:theradiocantproblemthanphysicalscarcityofspectrum,inlargeelectromagneticspectrum.partduetolegacycommand-and-controlregulationthatThecognitiveradio,builtonasoftware-definedradio,isde-limitstheabilityofpotentialspectrumuserstoobtainsuchfinedasanintelligentwirelesscommunicationsystemthatisawareofitsenv
3、ironmentandusesthemethodologyofunder-access.standing-by-buildingtolearnfromtheenvironmentandadaptIndeed,ifweweretoscanportionsoftheradiospectrumin-tostatisticalvariationsintheinputstimuli,withtwoprimarycludingtherevenue-richurbanareas,wewouldfindthat[2][4]:objectivesinmind:1)somefrequencybandsinthesp
4、ectrumarelargelyunoc-•highlyreliablecommunicationwheneverandwherevercupiedmostofthetime;needed;•efficientutilizationoftheradiospectrum.2)someotherfrequencybandsareonlypartiallyoccupied;Followingthediscussionofinterferencetemperatureasanew3)theremainingfrequencybandsareheavilyused.metricforthequantific
5、ationandmanagementofinterference,theTheunderutilizationoftheelectromagneticspectrumleadsuspaperaddressesthreefundamentalcognitivetasks.tothinkintermsofspectrumholes,forwhichweofferthefol-1)Radio-sceneanalysis.lowingdefinition[2]:2)Channel-stateestimationandpredictivemodeling.3)Transmit-powercontrolan
6、ddynamicspectrummanage-Aspectrumholeisabandoffrequenciesassignedtoapri-ment.maryuser,but,ataparticulartimeandspecificgeographiclo-Thispaperalsodiscussestheemergentbehaviorofcognitiveradio.cation,thebandisnotbeingutilizedbythatuser.IndexTerms—Awareness,channel-stateestimationandpredic-Spectrumutilizat
7、ioncanbeimprovedsignificantlybymakingtivemodeling,cognition,competitionandcooperation,emergentitpossibleforasecondaryuser(whoisnotbeingserviced)tobehavior,interferencetemperature,machinelearning,radio-
