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1、REPORTSThree-colorimagingdifferentiatedribosomesionintheirlocalenvironment(fig.S7,Cand6.M.A.Sutton,E.M.Schuman,Cell127,49–58(2006).associationwithmaskedandunmaskedmRNAsD),consistentwithdegranulationofacomplex7.T.Eom,L.N.Antar,R.H.Singer,G.J.Bassell,J.Neurosci.23,10433–10444(2003).(f
2、ig.S5A).b-actinmRNAshybridizedwithathatpreventsmRNAfromdiffusinguntilsyn-8.M.E.Klein,T.J.Younts,P.E.Castillo,B.A.Jordan,Proc.second-colorprobeafterproteasedigestionapticstimulation.Natl.Acad.Sci.U.S.A.110,3125–3130(2013).revealedpreviouslymaskedmRNAs(abouthalfInadditiontoincreasedmR
3、NAandribosome9.I.J.Cajigasetal.,Neuron74,453–466(2012).ofthetotal).MaskedmRNAswereassociateddynamics,cLTPincreasedproteinsynthesisofa10.A.M.Krichevsky,K.S.Kosik,Neuron32,683–696(2001).withbrighterribosomalpuncta,supportingthereporterforb-actinmRNA,consistentwithun-11.G.Elviraetal.,M
4、ol.Cell.Proteomics5,635–651(2006).hypothesisthatregionsrichinribosomesarepartmaskingthatcorrelateswithincreasedlocal12.T.E.Graberetal.,Proc.Natl.Acad.Sci.U.S.A.110,ofthesamemaskedcomplex(Fig.2Candfig.S5,b-actintranslation(fig.S8).TheproteinFMRP16205–16210(2013).BtoD).hasbeenshowntob
5、eacomponentofRNA13.MaterialsandmethodsareavailableassupplementarymaterialsonScienceOnline.UnboundandunmaskedmoleculesshouldbegranulesandstallsribosomesonmRNAs(19).14.D.Zenklusen,D.R.Larson,R.H.Singer,Nat.Struct.Mol.washedawayduringpermeablizationofliveneu-Fmr1knockoutbrainsexhibitar
6、eductionintheBiol.15,1263–1271(2008).rons.Puromycineliminatedactivelytranslatingpostpolysomalfractions(20),suggestingarole15.W.Luetal.,Neuron29,243–254(2001).polysomes,followedbydetergentextractionandforFmr1ingranuleintegrity.Accordingly,Fmr116.Y.Kanai,N.Dohmae,N.Hirokawa,Neuron43,5
7、13–525fixation(fig.S6A).Large,brightribosomalpunctaknockdowninculturedecreasedtheabundance(2004).17.R.B.Knowlesetal.,J.Neurosci.16,7812–7820(1996).wereretainedindendrites,somecontainingsin-ofmaskedb-actinmRNAs(fig.S9,AtoC).We18.H.Y.Parketal.,Science343,422–424(2014).gleb-actinmRNAs;
8、incontrast,glialcyt
