GEIT-30158EN_industrial-radiography-image-forming-techniques

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1、GEInspectionTechnologiesIndustrialRadiographyImageformingtechniquesGEimaginationatworkGEimaginationatwork©2007GeneralElectricCompany.AllRightsReserved.Wereservetherighttotechnicalmodificationswithoutpriornotice.GEIT-30158(01/07)IndustrialRadiographyImageformingtechniquesDigitalr

2、adiographyCR-imageofaweld1Introductiontotheoverviewof“IndustrialRadiography”ImageformingtechniquesThefirstoverview“IndustrialRadiography”waspublishedbyAgfainthesixtiesforeducationalandpromotionalpurposes.Sincethen,afewimprovededitionswerereleased,eachonewiththelatestimageforming

3、radiographictechniquesadded.ThisupdatedversioniscompiledbyMr.J.A.deRaad,NDT-expertandconsultant,whohasaconsiderablenumberofpublicationsonthesubjectofnon-destructivetestingtohisname.Mr.A.Kuiper,anexperiencedspecialistandtutoronindustrialradiography,assistedhim.BothwereinvolvedinN

4、DTduringthemanydecadestheywereemployedbyRTDbv(Non-DestructiveTesting)withitsheadquartersinRotterdam,theNetherlands.ApartfromthedevelopmentsinconventionalradiographywithX-rayfilms,thisoverviewalsodescribesthenowmaturemethodsofdigitalradiographyusingradiationsensitiveplate-andpane

5、ldetectorsincludingdigitizationoftraditionalfilm.Moreovertheseparatesmallbookletentitled”Radiographer’sWeldInterpretationReference”,withanumberofradiographsandtheirinterpretation,nowalsohasbeeninsertedasanadditionalchapterinthisnewissue.Wetrustthatthisrevisededitionof“Industrial

6、Radiography”willonceagainfulfillaneed.GEInspectionTechnologies200723ContentsNaturalradioactivesourcesArtificialradioactivesources4.5Advantagesanddisadvantagesofartificialradioactivesources344.6Propertiesofradioactivesources35Introductiontotheoverviewof“IndustrialRadiography”Acti

7、vity(sourcestrength)ImageformingtechniquesSpecificactivityPreface11Specificgamma-rayemission(k-factor)Half-lifeofaradioactivesource1.Introductiontoindustrialradiography135.NDTequipment372.Basicpropertiesofionisingradiation175.1X-rayequipment372.1Wavelengthsofelectromagneticradia

8、tion17TypesofX-raytubes2.2X-rays18BipolarX-rayt