数据结构与算法 国家级双语教学示范课程配套教材 彭军 向毅 Chap1 introduction

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1、CollegeofElectronicandInformationEngineeringChongqingUniversityofScienceandTechnologyInstructor:XiongQianSpring2013DataStructuresandAlgorithmsChapter1:IntroductionChapter1Uponcompletionyouwillbeableto:UsepseudocodeinthedevelopmentofalgorithmsUnderstandtheneed

2、forAbstractDataType(ADT)UnderstandtheroleofBig-OnotationObjectivesVocabulary数据抽象dataabstraction数据元素dataelement数据对象dataobject数据项dataitem数据类型datatype抽象数据类型abstractdatatype逻辑结构logicalstructure物理结构physicalstructure线性结构linearstructure非线性结构nonlinearstructureVocabula

3、ry线性表linearlist堆栈stack队列queue树tree图graph查找searching排序sortingVocabularyPseudocode伪代码Algorithm算法AtomicData不可拆分的数据或原子数据Compositedata复合数据Modularprogramming模块化程序设计ObjectOrientedprogramming面向对象程序设计Encapsulation封装AlgorithmEfficiency算法效率Datastructure+Algorithm=Program

4、mingAlgorithmAlistofinstructionswhicharecarriedoutinafixedordertofindanswertoaquestion.ToolstodefinealgorithmsThereareseveraltoolscanbeusedtodefinealgorithms,forexamplepseudocode,flowchat,andothers.PseudocodePseudocodeisoneofthemostcommontoolsfordefiningalgori

5、thms.ItispartEnglish,partstructuredcode.ProvidesarelaxedsyntaxConsistofbasicalgorithmsconstructs1-1PseudocodeStatementnumbers:Thesenumbersareusedtoidentifytheindividualstatement.Forinstancestatementformfeedcanbeexpressedasstatement3.2.1AlgorithmHeaderAlgorithm

6、name:sampleParameter(s):pageNumberPurposedescriptionPre-conditionsPost-conditionsReturnSampleAlgorithmAlgorithmsample(refpageNumber)ThisalgorithmreadsafileandprintsareportPrepageNumbermustbeinitializedPostReportprinted.pageNumbercontainsnumberofpagesi

7、nreport.ReturnNumberoflinesprinted.1openfile2lines=03loop(notendoffile)1readfile2if(fullpage)1formfeed2pageNumber=pageNumber+13writepageheading3endif4writereportline5lines=lines+14endloop5closefile6returnlinesendsampleIntelligentDataName:Thenameofvariableordat

8、acantellthemeaningofthedata.ThisisveryimportantforacomputerprogrammerStatementConstructsSequencestatementsSelectionstatementsLoopstatementsAsequenceisaseriesofstatementsthatdonotal