英语_简单句的五种基本句型讲解及练习题

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1、简单句的五种基本句型讲解及练习题⼀、句⼦成份英语句⼦成分有主语，谓语，宾语，宾语补⾜语，表语，定语，状语等。顺序⼀般是主语，谓语，宾语，宾语补⾜语，⽽表语，定语，状语的位置要根据情况⽽定。1、主语：表⽰句⼦主要说明的⼈或事物，⼀般位于句⾸。但在therebe结构、疑问句（当主语不疑问词时）和倒装句中，主语位于谓语、助动词或情态动词后⾯。主语可由名词、代词、数词、不定式、动名词、名词化的形容词和主语从句等表⽰。例如：Countrymusichasbecomemoreandmorepopular.（名词）WeoftenspeakEnglishinclass.（代词）One-thirdoft

2、hestudentsinthisclassaregirls.（数词）Toswimintheriverisagreatpleasure.（不定式）Smokingdoesharmtothehealth.（动名词）Therichshouldhelpthepoor.（名词化的形容词）WhenwearegoingtohaveanEnglishtesthasnotbeendecided.（主语从句）Itisnecessarytomasteraforeignlanguage.（it作形式主语，真正的主语为后⾯的不定式）2、谓语：谓语说明主语的动作，状态或特征。可以有不同的时态，语态和语⽓。1)简单谓

3、语：Westudyforthepeople.2)复合谓语：IcanspeakalittleEnglish.Wearereadingbooks.HehasgonetoBeijing..3、表语:它位于系动词(⽐如be)之后，说明主语⾝份，特征，属性或状态。Mysisterisanurse.Isityours?（代词）Theweatherhasturnedcold.（形容词）!1Thespeechisexciting.（分词）Threetimessevenistwentyone?（数词）HisjobistoteachEnglish.（不定式）Hishobby（爱好）isplayingfoo

4、tball.（动名词）Therulermustbeinyourbox.（介词短语）Timeisup.Theclassisover.（副词）Thetruthisthathehasneverbeenabroad.（表语从句）4、宾语:宾语表⽰动作⾏为的对象，跟在及物动词之后，WelikeEnglish.Howmanydictionariesdoyouhave?Ihavefive.（数词）Theyhelpedtheoldwiththeirhouseworkyesterday.（名词化形容词）Itbegantorain.（不定式短语）Ienjoylisteningtopopularmusic.

5、（动名词短语）Ithink（that）heisfitforhisoffice.（宾语从句）有些及物动词可以带两个宾语，往往⼀个指⼈，⼀个指物，指⼈的叫间接宾语，指物的叫直接宾语。Hegavemesomeink.有些及物动词的宾语后⾯还需要有⼀个补⾜语，意思才完整，宾语和它的补⾜语构成复合宾语。如：Wemakehimourmonitor(班长).5、宾补:就是宾语补⾜语，就是补充说明宾语的IseeyoucrossingthestreetHisfathernamedhimDongming.（名词）Theypainted（涂漆）theirboatwhite.（形容词）Letthefresh（

6、新鲜的）airin.（副词）Youmustn’tforcehimtolendhismoneytoyou.（不定式短语）Wesawherenteringtheroom.（现在分词）Wefoundeverythinginthelabingoodorder.（介词短语）6、定语:在句中修饰名词或代词的成分叫定语。Heisanewstudent.但副词，动词不定式，介词短语等作定语时，则放在被修饰的词之后。!2Thebikeintheroom/overthere/ismine.Guilinisabeautifulcity.（形容词）Chinaisadeveloping（发展中）country;

7、Americaisadeveloped（发达）country.（分词）Therearethirtywomenteachersisourschool.（名词）Hisprogress（进步）inEnglishmadeussurprised.（代词）Ourmonitor（班长）isalwaysthefirsttoentertheclassroom.（不定式短语）Heisreadinganarticle(⽂章)abouthowtolearnEnglis