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1、UnderstandingandWritingCompilersAdo-it-yourselfguideRichardBornatMiddlesexUniversity,London.richard@bornat.me.ukFirstpublished
2、1979.Internetedition
3、2007;corrected2008.Copyrightc1979,2007,2008RichardBornat.Permissiontocopywithoutfeeallorpartofthismaterialisgrantedprovidedthatthecopiesarenotm
4、adeordistributedfordirectcommercialadvantage,thecopyrightnoticeaboveandthetitleofthebookappear,andnoticeisgiventhatcopyingisbypermissionofRichardBornat.OriginaleditionpublishedbyMacmillanPressLtd.,Basingstoke,UK.InterneteditionpublishedbyRichardBornat,28AlbanyRoad,LONDONN44RL,UK.richard@bor
5、nat.me.ukPrefacetotheonlineeditionIwrotethisbookoncompilinginthelate1970s.Itwasasuccess.Istillmeetpeoplewholearntaboutcompilingfromit.Igetthreeorfourrequestsayearfrompeoplewho'dlikeacopy.IusedtotellthemtouseAbebooks.com,butnowtherearen'tanycopieseventhere.SinceIownthecopyright(thankstoMacmi
6、llan),Icanpublishitagain,forfree.ForawhileItriedtoreproducetheoriginalbookfromtheoriginalnro source,butUnixversion6nro islongdead,andtheprinter-driverhacksthatmadeboldandunderliningworkareevendeader.SoIhackeditintoLATEX,andhereitis.I xedtheerrorsthatIknewabout,changedaveryfewinfelicities,an
7、dotherwisetriedtochangeaslittleaspossible.Whyisn'titinC?WhenIbegantowritethisbookIwasheavilyintoBCPL.Bythetimeitwas nishedIwasaCprogrammer.ThedisplayeditordedthatIdevelopedtowritethebookwaswritteninC.CisinmanyrespectsadirectdescendantofBCPL.Iwaspressed,evenbeforethebookcameout,torewriteallt
8、heexamplesinC.Ididn'tdothatforvariousreasons,somegoodandsomebad.Itwouldbeanenormouse orttodoitnow,becauseCisnowsofarfromitsorigins.Old-fashionedopinionsIagreewithquitealotofthisbook,butbynomeansallofit.I'vedecidedtochangenothing.Forbetterorworse,hereitis.iiiPrefaceInthepastcompilerwritersan
9、ddesignersseemedtoformanelitegroupwithincomputingscience,setapartbytheiresotericknowledgeandtheirabilitytoproducelarge,importantsystemprogramswhichreallyworked.Theadmirationofthecomputingpublic,whetheritwasoncedeservedornot,isnolongermeritednowthatthepri
