Two concepts of culture in the early Nietzsche

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1、ArticleEJPTEuropeanJournalofPoliticalTheory10(3)327–349Twoconceptsofculturein!TheAuthor(s)2011Reprintsandpermissions:theearlyNietzschesagepub.co.uk/journalsPermissions.navDOI:10.1177/1474885111406388ept.sagepub.comJeffreyChurchUniversityofHoustonAbstract

2、Cultureremainsadivisiveissueinliberaldemocracies,andthisarticlearguesNietzscheoffersaprincipledmiddlegroundbetweentheconservativeandprogressivecampsofrecentandongoing‘culturewars’.Hence,thisarticlechallengesthe‘aristocratic’versus‘democratic’Nietzschedeb

3、atebymakingthecasethatNietzschedefendedtwoopposednotionsofcultureinhisearlyperiodwork:anationalorgroupcultureandacosmopolitanculture.Thisoppositionissalutary,however,inthateachformofculturemoderatestheexcessesoftheothersothatbothjointlycanaimtoperfectwha

4、tNietzscheclaimsisourbifurcatedhumannature.Keywordsculture,Nietzsche,perfectionismThescholarshiponNietzsche’s‘politics’hasbecomeincreasinglysophisticatedinrecentyearsbutnolessdivisive.Thecampsarefamiliar–Nietzschethe‘aristocraticradical’,thearch-criticof

5、democracy,defendinga‘disciplineandbreeding’programtoproducearuthless,powerfuloverman,versusNietzschetheperfectionistliberal,theagonisticdemocrat,whoanticipatespostmodernchallengestoidentityand1defensesofdifferenceandplay.Theoutlookforresolvingthisdisputei

6、sdim,asNietzscheoffersnoextendeddiscussionofconcreteinstitutionaldesignnorofanidealconceptionofthegoodregimetoadjudicatethedisputedirectly.Inhisearlyperiodwork,Nietzschediscussedpoliticsnegatively,thatis,asanobstacletocul-ture.YetdespiteNietzsche’sdistinc

7、tionbetweencultureandpolitics,thescholarlyreadingsofNietzsche’searlyessaySchopenhauerasEducatorreflectthesamedivi-sionsbetweenaristocraticanddemocraticNietzsche.Thisimpassecanbeovercome,then,ifweattendtoNietzsche’sviewsofthenatureofcultureanditsdifferencef

8、romandrelationshiptopolitics.WhatemergesisamorenuancedviewofNietzsche’spoliticsthanthosesuggestedbythearistocraticanddemocraticreadings.Correspondingauthor:JeffreyChurch,447PhillipG.HoffmanHall,DepartmentofPoliticalScience