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1、!ThePoliticsofRecognitionCHARLESTAYLORIANUMBERofstrandsincontemporarypoliticsturnontheneed,sometimesthedemand,forrecognition.Theneed,itcanbeargued,isoneofthedrivingforcesbehindnational-istmovementsinpolitics.Andthedemandcomestotheforeinanumberofwaysintoday’spolitics,onbehalfofminorityor“subalter
2、n”groups,insomeformsoffeminismandinwhatistodaycalledthepoliticsof“multiculturalism.”Thedemandforrecognitionintheselattercasesisgivenurgencybythesupposedlinksbetweenrecognitionandidentity,wherethislattertermdesignatessomethinglikeaperson’sunderstandingofwhotheyare,oftheirfundamen-taldefiningchara
3、cteristicsasahumanbeing.Thethesisisthatouridentityispartlyshapedbyrecognitionoritsab-sence,oftenbythemisrecognitionofothers,andsoapersonorgroupofpeoplecansufferrealdamage,realdistortion,ifthepeopleorsocietyaroundthemmirrorbacktothemacon-finingordemeaningorcontemptiblepictureofthemselves.Nonrecog
4、nitionormisrecognitioncaninflictharm,canbeaformofoppression,imprisoningsomeoneinafalse,dis-torted,andreducedmodeofbeing.Thussomefeministshavearguedthatwomeninpatriar-chalsocietieshavebeeninducedtoadoptadepreciatoryimageofthemselves.Theyhaveinternalizedapictureoftheirowninferiority,sothatevenwhen
5、someoftheobjec-tiveobstaclestotheiradvancementfallaway,theymaybeincapableoftakingadvantageofthenewopportunities.And25CHARLESTAYLORbeyondthis,theyarecondemnedtosufferthepainoflowself-esteem.Ananalogouspointhasbeenmadeinrelationtoblacks:thatwhitesocietyhasforgenerationsprojectedade-meaningimageoft
6、hem,whichsomeofthemhavebeenun-abletoresistadopting.Theirownself-depreciation,onthisview,becomesoneofthemostpotentinstrumentsoftheirownoppression.Theirfirsttaskoughttobetopurgethem-selvesofthisimposedanddestructiveidentity.Recently,asimilarpointhasbeenmadeinrelationtoindigenousandcolonizedpeoplei
7、ngeneral.Itisheldthatsince1492Euro-peanshaveprojectedanimageofsuchpeopleassomehowinferior,“uncivilized,”andthroughtheforceofconquesthaveoftenbeenabletoimposethisimageontheconquered.ThefigureofCalibanhasbeenheldtoepitomizethi
