More Effective C [EN]

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1、MoreEffectiveC++,2E

2、ShiftingfromCtoC++Page1of267EffectiveC++EffectiveC++EffectiveC++byScottMeyersDedicationForClancy,myfavoriteenemywithin.ContinuetoAcknowledgementsBacktoDedication  ContinuetoIntroductionAcknowledgmentsAgreatnumberofpeoplehelpedbringthisbookintoexistence.Somecontri

3、butedideasfortechnicaltopics,somehelpedwiththeprocessofproducingthebook,andsomejustmadelifemorefunwhileIwasworkingonit.Whenthenumberofcontributorstoabookislarge,itisnotuncommontodispensewithindividualfile://C:DocumentsandSettingsxaiLocalSettingsTemp~hhB0EF.htm11/5/2009MoreEffec

4、tiveC++,2E

5、ShiftingfromCtoC++Page2of267acknowledgmentsinfavorofageneric"Contributorstothisbookaretoonumeroustomention."IprefertofollowtheexpansiveleadofJohnL.HennessyandDavidA.Pattersonin°°°ComputerArchitecture:AQuantitativeApproach(MorganKaufmann,1995).Inadditiontomotivatingthecomp

6、rehensiveacknowledgmentsthatfollow,theirbookprovidesharddataforthe90-10rule,whichIrefertoinItem16.TheItemsWiththeexceptionofdirectquotations,allthewordsinthisbookaremine.However,manyoftheideasIdiscusscamefromothers.Ihavedonemybesttokeeptrackofwhocontributedwhat,butIknowIhaveincluded

7、informationfromsourcesInowfailtorecall,foremostamongthemmanyposterstotheUsenetnewsgroups°°°comp.lang.c++and°°°comp.std.c++.ManyideasintheC++communityhavebeendevelopedindependentlybymanypeople.Inwhatfollows,InoteonlywhereIwasexposedtoparticularideas,notnecessarilywherethoseideasorigi

8、nated.BrianKernighansuggestedtheuseofmacrostoapproximatethesyntaxofthenewC++castingoperatorsIdescribeinItem2.InItem3,mywarningaboutdeletinganarrayofderivedclassobjectsthroughabaseclasspointerisbasedonmaterialinDanSaks'"Gotchas"talk,whichhe'sgivenatseveralconferencesandtradeshows.InI

9、tem5,theproxyclasstechniqueforpreventingunwantedapplicationofsingle-argumentconstructorsisbasedonmaterialinAndrewKoenig'scolumnintheJanuary1994°°°C++Report.JamesKanzemadeapostingto°°°comp.lang.c++onimplementingpostfixincrementanddecrementoperatorsviathecorrespondingprefixfunctions;I

10、usehistechniqueinIt