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1、INVITEDPAPERCooperativeIntelligentTransportSystems:5.9-GHzFieldTrialsResultsofextensiveV2XfieldtrialsconductedinawidevarietyofphysicalenvironmentsinAustralia,theUS,andEurope,arepresentedanddiscussedinthispaper.ByPaulAlexander,MemberIEEE,DavidHaley,MemberIEEE,a
2、ndAlexGrant,SeniorMemberIEEEABSTRACT
3、Themobileoutdoorradioenvironmentiswarningtimesandstoppingdistances.Infacttheresultsshowchallengingforvehicularcommunications.Althoughmultipaththatoff-the-shelfWiFiequipmentfailstoprovidesufficientpropagationoffersdiversitya
4、ndbenefitsinnon-line-of-sightstoppingdistancetoavertaccidentsinsomecases.Duringthe(NLOS)conditions,simultaneousmultipathandmobilityresultsfieldtrials,channelsoundingdatawerealsocaptured.Analysisinadoubly-selectivefadingchannel.Inpractice,thismeansofthesechanne
5、lmeasurementsrevealsthecriticalimportancethatthechannelparametersvarysignificantlyinbothtimeandofaccuratechannelestimation,trackingthechannelinbothfrequencywithinthebandwidthandtypicalpacketdurationstimeandfrequencywithineachpacket.Delayspreadandusedin802.11p/
6、WAVEstandardsforshort-rangevehicularDopplerspreadstatisticscomputedfromthechannelmeasure-communications.Thispaperpresentstheresultsofextensivementsvalidatepreviouslyreportedresultsintheliterature.Thefieldtrialcampaignsconductedinseveralcountries,totalingresult
7、sinthispaper,however,providethefirstinstanceofover1100km.Thesefieldtrialsarescenariobased,focusingonchannelmeasurementsperformedsimultaneouslytoapplica-challenginglow-latency,high-reliabilityvehicle-to-vehicletionperformanceevaluation.Theobjectiveistofirmly(V2
8、V)safetyapplicationsincludingintersectioncollisionwarn-establishthelinkbetweenradiochannelcharacteristicsanding,turnacrosspath,emergencyelectronicbrakelight,donottheperformanceofcriticalV2Vsafetyapplications.passwarning,andprecrashsensing.Vehicle-to-infrastruc
9、ture(V2I)applicationsarealsoconsidered.ThefieldtrialscomparedKEYWORDS
10、Channelestimation;channelmodels;time-varyingtheperformanceofoff-the-shelfWiFi-basedradioequipmentchannels;vehi
