A History of Erlang

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1、AHistoryofErlangJoeArmstrongEricssonABjoe.armstrong@ericsson.comAbstractoperationsoccur.Telephonysoftwaremustalsooperateinthe“softreal-time”domain,withstringenttimingrequirementsforsomeop-Erlangwasdesignedforwritingconcurrentprogramsthat“runerations,butwithamorerelaxedviewoftim

2、ingforotherclassesforever.”Erlangusesconcurrentprocessestostructuretheprogram.ofoperation.TheseprocesseshavenosharedmemoryandcommunicatebyWhenErlangstartedin1986,requirementsforvirtuallyzeroasynchronousmessagepassing.Erlangprocessesarelightweightdown-timeandforin-serviceupgrade

3、werelimitedtorathersmallandbelongtothelanguage,nottheoperatingsystem.Erlanghasandobscureproblemdomains.TheriseinpopularityoftheInter-mechanismstoallowprogramstochangecode“onthefly”sothatnetandtheneedfornon-interruptedavailabilityofserviceshasex-programscanevolveandchangeastheyru

4、n.ThesemechanismstendedtheclassofproblemsthatErlangcansolve.Forexample,simplifytheconstructionofsoftwareforimplementingnon-stopbuildinganon-stopwebserver,withdynamiccodeupgrade,han-systems.dlingmillionsofrequestsperdayisverysimilartobuildingtheThispaperdescribesthehistoryofErla

5、ng.Materialforthepa-softwaretocontrolatelephoneexchange.Sosimilar,thatErlangpercomesfromanumberofdifferentsources.Theseincludeper-anditsenvironmentprovideaveryattractivesetoftoolsandli-sonalrecollections,discussionswithcolleagues,oldnewspaperar-brariesforbuildingnon-stopinterac

6、tivedistributedservices.ticlesandscannedcopiesofErlangmanuals,photosandcomputerFromthestart,ErlangwasdesignedasapracticaltoolforlistingsandarticlespostedtoUsenetmailinglists.gettingthejobdone—thisjobbeingtoprogrambasictelephonyservicesonasmalltelephoneexchangeintheLab.Programmi

7、ng1.AHistoryofErlangthisexchangedrovethedevelopmentofthelanguage.Oftennew1.1IntroductionfeatureswereintroducedspecificallytosolveaparticularproblemthatIencounteredwhenprogrammingtheexchange.LanguageErlangwasdesignedforwritingconcurrentprogramsthat“runfeaturesthatwerenotusedwerer

8、emoved.Thiswassucharapidforever.”Erlangusesconcurrentp