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1、ThisispageiPrinter:OpaquethisFromNaturetotheLab:TheMethodologyofExperimentalPoliticalScienceandtheStudyofCausality1RebeccaMortonKennethWilliamsDepartmentofPoliticsDept.ofPoliticalScienceNewYorkUniversityMichiganStateUniversity2ndFloor303SouthKedzieHall19West4thStre

2、etEastLansing,MI48824NewYork,NY10012willia59@msu.edurbm5@nyu.eduSeptember18,20091Wethankseveralanonymousreviewers,GuillaumeFrechette,JamesDruckman,MacartanHumphries,GaryKing,ElinorOstrom,IngoRohl…ng,andDustinTingleyfortheirvaluablecommentsonanearlierdraft.Wealsotha

3、nkparticipantsattheNYUPoliticsDepartmentIn-HouseSeminarsandingraduateandundergraduateclassesonthesubjectattheMichiganStateUniversity,NewYorkUniversity,theUniversityofEssex,andtheUniversityofLjubljana.iiThisispageiiiPrinter:OpaquethisContentsIIntroduction11TheAdvent

4、ofExperimentalPoliticalScience31.1TheIncreaseinExperimentationinPoliticalScience..................31.2IstheIncreaseinExperimentationReal?.........................51.2.1How“New”isExperimentalPoliticalScience?.................51.2.2PoliticalScienceExperimentsinthe195

5、0sand1960s..............61.2.3TheRiseinExperimentationinthe1970sand1980s..............6AJournalandaNotableFieldExperiment...................6TheIncreaseinLaboratoryWork.........................71.2.4NotNewResearch,ButNewinProminence...................81.2.5IsittheA

6、rti…ciality?................................81.3WhyExperimentsHaveReceivedMoreInterest.....................91.3.1IsitTechnology?..................................91.3.2InabilityofExistingDatatoAnswerImportantCausalQuestions......101.3.3NewResearchQuestions.........

7、.....................11TheUnderpinningsofPoliticalBehavior.....................11TheNewInstitutionalismandExperiments...................111.4IsPoliticalScienceNowanExperimentalDiscipline?..................121.5WhyStudyCausality?...................................13

8、1.5.1WhatisExperimentalReasoning?........................131.5.2UsingExperimentsasaGuideforResearchBroadly..............141.6TheWelcomingDiscipli