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1、www.advmat.dewww.MaterialsViews.comREVIEWAlternativePlasmonicMaterials:BeyondGoldandSilverGururajV.Naik,VladimirM.Shalaev,andAlexandraBoltasseva*capabilitytoprocessinformation,andtheMaterialsresearchplaysavitalroleintransformingbreakthroughscientificspeedsatwhichwecan
2、processinforma-ideasintonext-generationtechnology.Similartothewaysiliconrevolution-tionhaverisenexponentiallyinthepastfewdecades,mainlybecauseofthescalingizedthemicroelectronicsindustry,thepropermaterialscangreatlyimpactofsemiconductorelectroniccomponentsthefieldofpla
3、smonicsandmetamaterials.Currently,researchinplasmonics[1]predictedbyMooreÕsLaw.Theelemen-andmetamaterialslacksgoodmaterialbuildingblocksinordertorealizetaryelectronicswitch(thetransistor)hasusefuldevices.Suchdevicessufferfrommanydrawbacksarisingfromthebeenscaleddownf
4、romabout200nmtoundesirablepropertiesoftheirmaterialbuildingblocks,especiallymetals.35nmwithinthelastdecadetoachieveTherearemanymaterials,otherthanconventionalmetalliccomponentssuchdrasticallyhigheroperatingspeeds.Fur-thersigniÞcantscaling,however,posesasgoldandsilver
5、,thatexhibitmetallicpropertiesandprovideadvantagesinmanysubstantialdifÞcultiessuchasdeviceperformance,designflexibility,fabrication,integration,andtunability.short-channeleffects,gateleakageandThisreviewexploresdifferentmaterialclassesforplasmonicandmetamate-drastical
6、lyincreasingpowerdensity.[2,3]rialapplications,suchasconventionalsemiconductors,transparentcon-Asaresultofthesechallenges,alternativeductingoxides,perovskiteoxides,metalnitrides,silicides,germanides,andtechnologieshavegainedsigniÞcantatten-tioninthequesttoincreaseinf
7、ormation2Dmaterialssuchasgraphene.Thisreviewprovidesasummaryoftherecentprocessingspeeds.Asonesuchalternativedevelopmentsinthesearchforbetterplasmonicmaterialsandanoutlookoftechnology,theÞeldofplasmonicshasthefurtherresearchdirections.potentialtosupportourever-increas
8、ingneedsforinformationprocessing.[4]Recently,theapplicationdomainofplas-1.IntroductionmonicshasexpandedsigniÞcantlywiththeintroduct
