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1、GENERALALLEGATIONS1.ThearmedconflictcommencedbetweenArkadianArmedForces(AAF)andStovianArmedForces(SAF)during9April2009to30July2009,inthetown1ofLuga,theterritoryofArkadia,startedbySAFunits’unexpectedattack.Afterwards,thebelligerentsexchangedfireseveraltimesinLu
2、ga.Finally,the2armedconflictendedwiththeadoptionofResolution5079.2.Anarmedconflictisdefinedtobeinternationalincharacterifittakesplace3betweentwoormoreStates.ThearmedconflictisapparentlyofaninternationalcharacterbetweenStoviaandArkadia,throughtheirrespectivenat
3、ionalarmedforces,SAFandAAF,actingonbehalfoftheirState.Thus,thelawsofarmedconflictareapplicable.3.AccordingtoElementsofCrime(EOC),anexusexistedbetweenColonelPotter’scommitmentsandthearmedconflict.ColonelPotter’scriminalconductsallegedhereinoccurredinthecourseof
4、fightingduringthetakeoverof4Lugatoservetheultimategoalofthismilitarycampaign,andalsocommittedas5partofhisofficialduties.Thus,theconductstookplaceinthecontextofandwas6associatedwiththeinternationalarmedconflict.4.AccordingtoEOC,ColonelPotterwasawareofthefactual
5、circumstancesthatestablishtheexistenceofsucharmedconflict.Anyperpetratorcommittingawarcrimemustbeawareoffactualcircumstancesthatestablishedtheexistenceofan7armedconflict.ItisuncontestedthatColonelPotterlaunchedtheattackinLugawithdevisedplan,adequateinformation
6、andclearordersandtheoffencescommittedduringtheattackwerepartofthestrategicplantosecurethetakeoverof1Paragraph29.2Paragraph46.3Lubangadecision,Pre-TrialChamberI,ICC-01/04-01/06-803-tEN,para.209.4Kunaracetal.(IT-96-23/1-A),Judgment,12June2002,paras.58-59.5Id.6El
7、ementsofcrimes,UnitedNationsDoc.PCNICC/2000/1/Add.2(2000),page125.7Id.Luga.CHARGES81.Warcrimeofattackingcivilians.1.1ColonelPotterdirectedattacksinthevillage.“Attacks”meansactsofviolence9againsttheadversary,whetherinoffenceorindefence.ColonelPotter'sunitconduc
8、tedaseriesofviolentactivitieswhichconstitutedattacks.1.2Theobjectoftheattackwasacivilianpopulationandindividualciviliansnottakingdirectpartinhostilities.1.2.1Victimskilledandinjure
