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1、TheRoleofEmotioninBelievableAgentsJosephBatesApril1994CMU-CS-94-136SchoolofComputerScienceCarnegieMellonUniversityPittsburgh,PA15213ToappearinCommunicationsoftheACM,SpecialIssueonAgents,July1994.AbstractArti cialintelligenceresearchersattemptingtocreateengagin
2、g,apparentlylivingcreaturesmay ndimportantinsightintheworkofartistswhohaveexploredtheideaofbelievablecharacter.Inparticular,appropriatelytimedandclearlyexpressedemotionisacentralrequirementforbelievablecharacters.Wediscusstheseideasandsuggesthowtheymayapplytob
3、elievableinteractivecharacters,whichwecallbelievableagents."ThisworkwassupportedinpartbyFujitsuLaboratoriesandMitsubishiElectricResearchLaborato-ries.Theviewsandconclusionscontainedinthisdocumentarethoseoftheauthorsandshouldnotbeinterpretedasrepresentingtheo
4、cialpolicies,eitherexpressedorimplied,ofanyotherparties.Keywords:arti cialintelligence,emotion,believableagents,art,animation,believablecharacters.1BELIEVABILITY11BelievabilityThereisanotionintheArtsofbelievablecharacter."Itdoesnotmeananhonestorreliablecharac
5、ter,butonethatprovidestheillusionoflife,andthuspermitstheaudience'ssuspensionofdisbelief.Theideaofbelievabilityhaslongbeenstudiedandexploredinliterature,theater, lm,radiodrama,andothermedia.Traditionalcharacteranimatorsareamongthoseartistswhohavesoughttocreate
6、believablecharacters,andtheDisneyanimatorsofthe1930'smadegreatstridestowardthisgoal.The rstpageoftheenormousclassicreferenceworkonDisneyanimation(ThomasandJohnston,1981)beginswiththesewords:Disneyanimationmakesaudiencesreallybelievein:::characters,whoseadvent
7、uresandmisfortunesmakepeoplelaugh
8、andevencry.Thereisaspecialingredientinourtypeofanimationthatproducesdrawingsthatappeartothinkandmakedecisionsandactoftheirownvolitionitiswhatcreatestheillusionoflife."Manyarti cialintelligenceresearchershavelongwishedtobuildr
9、obots,andtheircousinscalledagents,"thatseemtothink,feel,andlive.Thesearecreatureswithwhomyou'dwanttosharesomeofyourlife:aswithacompanion,orasocialpet.Forinstance,inhis1985American
