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1、一、原文buildingtypesanddesignAbuildingiscloselyboundupwithpeople，foritprovideswiththenecessaryspacetoworkandlivein.Asclassifiedbytheiruse,buildingsaremainlyoftwotypes:industrialbuildingsandcivilbuildings.industrialbuildingsareusedbyvariousfactoriesorindustrialproductionwhilecivil
2、buildingsarethosethatareusedbypeoplefordwelling,employment,educationandothersocialactivities.Industrialbuildingsarefactorybuildingsthatareavailableforprocessingandmanufacturingofvariouskinds,insuchfieldsastheminingindustry,themetallurgicalindustry,machinebuilding,thechemicalin
3、dustryandthetextileindustry.factorybuildingscanbeclassifiedintotwotypessingle-storyonesandmulti-storyones.theconstructionofindustrialbuildingsisthesameasthatofcivilbuildings.however,industrialandcivilbuildingsdifferinthematerialsusedandinthewaytheyareused.Civilbuildingsaredivi
4、dedintotwobroadcategories:residentialbuildingsandpublicbuildings.residentialbuildingsshouldsuitfamilylife.eachflatshouldconsistofatleastthreenecessaryrooms:alivingroom,akitchenandatoilet.publicbuildingscanbeusedinpolitics,culturalactivities,administrationworkandotherservices,s
5、uchasschools,officebuildings,parks,hospitals,shops,stations,theatres,gymnasiums,hotels,exhibitionhalls,bathpools,andsoon.allofthemhavedifferentfunctions,whichinturnrequiredifferentdesigntypesaswell.Housingisthelivingquartersforhumanbeings.thebasicfunctionofhousingistoprovidesh
6、elterfromtheelements,butpeopletodayrequiremuchmorethatoftheirhousing.afamilymovingintoanewneighborhoodwilltoknowiftheavailablehousingmeetsitsstandardsofsafety,health,andcomfort.afamilywillalsoaskhownearthehousingistograinshops,foodmarkets,schools,stores,thelibrary,amovietheate
7、r,andthecommunitycenter.Inthemid-1960’samostimportantvalueinhousingwassufficientspacebothinsideandout.amajorityoffamiliespreferredsingle-familyhomesonabouthalfanacreofland,whichwouldprovidespaceforspare-timeactivities.inhighlyindustrializedcountries,manyfamiliespreferredtolive
8、asfaroutaspossiblefromthecenterofametropolitanarea,evenifthew
