土力学英语词汇

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1、第一章soil土rock岩土sand沙土silt粉土clay粘土weathering风化disintegration分解;崩解decomposition分解作用mineral矿物crack裂缝fracture断裂;破裂debris岩屑thermalstress热应力rockmass岩体sandstone砂岩gravel砾石parentrock母岩naturalsoil天然土;底土residualsoil残积土transportedsoil运积土moraine冰泽igneousrock火成岩granite花岗岩basalt玄武岩sedimentaryrock沉积岩lime

2、stone石灰岩shale页岩alluvialsoil冲积土wind-bornesoil风积土loess黄土dune沙丘windblownsilt风积尘土siltyclay粉质粘土glacialsoil冰川沉积土pleistoceneepoch更新世glacialdeposit冰川沉积erosion侵蚀boulder漂石fragment碎屑foundationengineering基础工程bedrock基岩10glacialtill冰土unstratified非层状的unconsolidated不固结的heterogeneous非均质的marshsoil沼泽土muck淤

3、泥,腐植土inorganicsoil无机土soilparticle土粒void孔隙solidphase固相liquidphase液相vaporphase气相saturatedsoil饱和土drysoil干土originalmineral原生矿物quartz石英feldspar长石isinglass云母hornblende角闪石pyroxene辉石coarseness粗度roundness圆度secondarymineral次生矿物kaolinite高岭石illite依利石montmorillonite蒙脱石watercontent含水量crystalstructure晶

4、体结构crystalcell晶胞alluminosilicate铝硅酸盐isomorphousreplacement同晶置换graingroup粒组scree卵石colloidalparticle胶粒sieveanalysis筛分析gradingcurve粒晶分布曲线crystallattice晶格hygroscopicwater吸着水capillarywater毛细管水gravitationalwater重力水fabric组构singlegrainfabric单粒组构flocculentfabric絮凝组构disperdedfabric分散组构10bulkdensit

5、y湿密度unitweight容重specificgravity比重watercontent含水量voidratio孔隙比porosity孔隙率drydensity干密度degreeofsaturation饱和度saturatedunitweight饱和容重dryunitweight干容重buoyantdensity浮密度buoyantunitweight浮容重relativedensity相对密度consistency稠度liquidlimit液限plasticlimit塑限shrinkagelimit缩限kneadingmethod搓滚法liquid-plasticl

6、imitcombineddevice液塑限联合测定仪plasticityindex塑性指数liquidityindex液性指数compaction压实，夯实classification分类coarsegrainedsoil粗粒土finegrainedsoil细粒土liquefaction液化第二章seepage渗透totalhead总水头elevationhead位置水头pressurehead压力水头headloss水头损失darcy’slaw达西定律porewaterpressure孔隙水压力coefficientofpermeability渗透系数hydrauli

7、cgradient水力坡降(水力梯度)flowpathlength渗径长度constant-headtest常水头试验falling-headtest变水头试验pumpingtest压水试验groundwater地下水soillayers土层10Laplace’sEquation拉普拉斯方程homogeneous均质的isotropic各向同性的anisotropic各向异性的incompressible不可压缩的finitedifferencemethod有限差分法finiteelementmethod有限单元法boundaryelem