第1章-2管理信息系统

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1、Chapter1:ManagingtheDigitalFirm1.1Whyinformationsystems?1.2PerspectivesonInformationSystems1.3ContemporaryApproachestoInformationSystems1.4LearningtoUseInformationSystems:NewOpportunitieswithTechnology1.2PerspectivesonInformationSystemsDataandinformationInformationsystem

2、sfromtechnicallyperspectiveComputer-BasedInformationSystem(CBIS)ABusinessPerspectiveonInformationSystemsQuestions:Whatisdata?Whatisinformation?Whatisthedifferencebetweendataandinformation?DATA&INFORMATION（P13）DATA:Streamsofrawfactsrepresentingeventsoccurringinorganization

3、sorthephysicalenvironmentbeforetheyhavebeenorganizedandarrangedintoaformthatpeoplecanunderstandanduse.数据：是指未经加工成人们所能理解和使用的形式的，代表组织和物质环境中发生的事件，未经加工的事实。通常定义为“对客观事物记录下来的,可以鉴别的符号”INFORMATION:Datathathavebeenshapedintoaformthatismeaningfulandusefultohumanbeingsinprocessessucha

4、smakingdecisions.信息：是指经过加工并对客观世界产生影响的数据。DATA&INFORMATION（P13）DataandInformation(P15)Figure1-51.2PerspectivesonInformationSystemsDataandinformationInformationsystemsfromtechnicallyperspectiveComputer-BasedInformationSystem(CBIS)ABusinessPerspectiveonInformationSystemsSYSTE

5、M:INPUTOUTPUTPROCESSFEEDBACKAsystemisagroupofinterrelatedcomponentsworkingtogethertowardacommongoalbyacceptinginputsandproducingoutputsinanorganizedtransformationprocess.Example:amanufacturingsystemINPUTofrawmaterialsOUTPUToffinishedproductsManufacturingPROCESSSystemBound

6、aryEnvironmentControlledbyManagementControlsignalsControlsignalsFeedbacksignalsFeedbacksignalsInformationsystemsfromtechnicallyperspective(P13)Asetofinterrelatedcomponentsthatcollect(orretrieve),process,store,anddistributeinformationtosupportdecisionmakingandcontrolinanor

7、ganization.Figure1-6FunctionsofanInformationSystem(P16)1.2PerspectivesonInformationSystemsInformationsystemsfromtechnicallyperspectiveDataandinformationComputer-BasedInformationSystem(CBIS)ABusinessPerspectiveonInformationSystemsCOMPUTER-BASEDINFORMATIONSYSTEMS(CBIS)（P16）

8、Informationsystemsthatrelyoncomputerhardwareandsoftwaretechnologytoprocessanddisseminateinformat