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1、PIGMENTCELLRES16:101–110.2003CopyrightÓBlackwellMunksgaard2003PrintedinUK—allrightsreservedISSN0893-5785Review:InnovativeTechnologyChemicalandInstrumentalApproachestoTreatHyperpigmentationSTEFANIABRIGANTI,EMANUELACAMERAandMAUROPICARDOSanGallicanoDermatologicalInstitute,ViaElioChianesi,R
2、ome,Italy*AddressreprintrequeststoMauroPicardo,SanGallicanoDermatologicalInstitute,ViaElioChianesi52,00144Rome,Italy.E-mail:picardo@ifo.itReceived23December2002;infinalform16January2003Manymodalitiesoftreatmentforacquiredskinhyperpigmen-necessary.Moreover,theevidencethatbleachingcompound
3、stationareavailableincludingchemicalagentsorphysicalarefairlyineffectiveondermalaccumulationofmelaninhastherapies,butnonearecompletelysatisfactory.Depigmentingpromptedinvestigationsontheeffectivenessofphysicalther-compoundsshouldactselectivelyonhyperactivatedmelano-apies,suchaslasers.This
4、reviewwhichdescribesthedifferentcytes,withoutshort-orlong-termside-effects,andinduceaapproachestoobtaindepigmentation,suggestsaclassificationpermanentremovalofundesiredpigment.Since1961hydro-ofwhiteningmoleculesonthebasisofthemechanismbywhichquinone,atyrosinaseinhibitor,hasbeenintroducedan
5、ditstheyinterferewithmelanogenesis,andconfirmsthenecessitytotherapeuticefficacydemonstrated,andotherwhiteningagentsapplystandardizedprotocolstoevaluatedepigmentingtreat-specificallyactingontyrosinasebydifferentmechanismshavements.beenproposed.Compoundswithdepigmentingactivityarenownumerousan
6、dtheclassificationofmolecules,basedontheirKeywords:Melanin,Melanocyte,Melanogenesis,Hyperpig-mechanismofaction,hasbecomedifficult.Systematicstudiesmentation,Depigmentingagents,Classification,Tyrosinase,toassessboththeefficacyandthesafetyofsuchmoleculesareTRP-1,ROS,Peroxidase,Melanosometransfe
7、r,LaserINTRODUCTIONIncreasedproductionandaccumulationofmelaninschar-accumulationofmelanin,physicaltherapies,suchasacterizealargenumberofskindiseases,whichincludelasers,havebeenproposedandarecurrentlyunderacquiredhyperpigmentation,suchasmelasma,postinflam-investigation.matorymela
