grammar-sentence-structure

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1、TheAcademicWritingHelpCentreSentenceStructureWhatisasentence?Asentenceisaseriesofwordsexpressingoneormoreideas.Eachideainasentenceisexpressedbyaclause.•Theboythrewtheball.•Theboythrewtheball,andhisfriendcaughtit.•Theboywhowaswearingthegreenshirtthrewtheball.Whatisaclause?Ac

2、lauseisasingleidea,expressedbyatleasttwoelements:thesubjectandtheverb.Sometimesthereisathirdelement,thecomplement.•Thesubjectistheactorperformingtheaction.•Theverbistheactionbeingperformed.•Thecomplementisthetargetoftheaction.SubjectVerbComplementTheboythrewtheball.Wordgrou

3、psItishelpfultothinkoftheelementsofaclauseaswordgroups.•Thesubjectgroupisalwaysanounandthewordsmodifyingthatnoun,oragroupofwordsactingasanoun.•Theverbgroupisalwaysoneormoreverbsandthewordsmodifyingthem.•Thecomplementgroupcanbeoneoftwothings:•anounanditsmodifiers,oragroupofw

4、ordsactingasanoun•anadjectiveanditsmodifiers,oragroupofwordsactingasanadjectiveSubjectgroupVerbgroupComplementgroupTheboythrewtheball.Thetallboyquicklythrewtheorangeball.Whoeverhadtheballshouldhavethrownit.Theballwasreallyquiteheavy.Throwingaheavyballcanbedifficult.Expandin

5、gtheclauseAsimpleclausecanbeexpandedtoprovidemoredetailedinformation.Thisisaccomplishedbyaddingadjectivesandadverbstothewordgroupsintheclause.Adjectivesandadverbsareusuallykeptimmediatelybesidewhattheydescribe.Adjectivesarewordsthatdescribenouns.Adverbsarewordsthatdescribev

6、erbs,adjectives,orotheradverbs.•Thetallboythrewtheorangeball.•Theboyquicklythrewtheball.•Theyoung,clumsyboydroppedthewetball.•Theballwasveryheavy.•Thefirstboythrewtheballtothesecondboy.•Theboycouldrunextremelyquickly.Manysmallerwordgroupscanactasadjectives,evenManysmallerwo

7、rdgroupscanactasadverbs,evenififtheydonotcontainanadjective.theydonotcontainanadverb.•Theboywiththelonghairthrewtheball.•Theboythrewtheballwithgreatenergy.•Theboysdidn’twanttoplaywithaball•Theboyyelledtoscareawaytheskunk.coveredinmud.•Theboylaughedwithhisfriends.•Whentheoth

8、erkidschasedhim,theboyhadagoodreasontothrowtheball.Adjectivesandadverbscanoftenbem