资源描述：
《19.-.Psychobiology》由会员上传分享，免费在线阅读，更多相关内容在学术论文-天天文库。
1、—CHAPTER19PsychobiologyPsychobiologyattemptstoexplainpsychologicalphenomenaintermsoftheirbiologicalfoundations.Thesearchforthebiologicalfoundationsofmentaleventshasbeenarecurringthemeinthehistoryofpsychologyandhasbeenrepresentedbysuchindi-vidualsasHippocrates,Aristo
2、tle,Galen,Hartley,Bain,Helmholtz,Pavlov,andFreud.Becauseradicalbehaviorismdiscouragedasearchforanyinternalcausesofbehavior,asitsinfluencediminishedtherearosearesurgenceofinterestnotonlyincognitivepsychology(seechapter18)butinpsychobiologyaswell.Oursmallsampleofpsycho
3、biologicalresearchincludesthepioneeringworkofKarlLashleyandtwoillustriouspsychobiologistsheinfluenced—Don-aldHebbandRogerSperry.KarlS.LashleyKarlSpencerLashley(1890–1958)wasbornonJune7inDavis,WestVirginia,anonlychild.Hisfa-therwasabusinessmanandpolitician,hismotheras
4、choolteacher.LashleyreceivedhisundergraduatearchivesofthehistoryofamericanpsychologyeducationattheUniversityofWestVirginiaandhisKarlS.LashleygraduateeducationfirstattheUniversityofPitts-burghandthenatJohnsHopkinsUniversity,fromwhichhereceivedhisPhDin1914.WhileatJohns
5、Hopkins,LashleycameundertheinfluenceofJ.B.closefriends.In1917LashleywenttotheUniversityWatson,andmuchofLashley’searlyworkreflectedofMinnesotaandthen,in1926,totheUniversityofWatson’sinfluence.Aswesawinchapter12,itwasChicago.In1935LashleymovedtoHarvard,andinLashleywithwh
6、omWatsondidhispioneeringetho-1942hebecamedirectoroftheYerkesLaboratorieslogicalresearch.In1916Lashley’scollaborationwithofPrimateBiologyinOrangePark,Florida(becauseWatsonendedbecauseLashleywasinterestedinYerkesLaboratoriesweresupervisedbyHarvard,seekingtheneurophysi
7、ologicalbasesofconditionedLashleyremainedaffiliatedwiththatuniversity).Al-reflexesandWatsonwasnot.AlthoughthetwowentthoughLashleyretiredasdirectorofYerkesLabora-theirseparatewaysprofessionally,theyremainedtoriesin1955,heremainedontheboardofdirectors550WadsworthPublish
8、ingCo.Hergenhahn:IntroductiontotheHistoryofPsychology,4/eCHAPTER19/BOOKPAGE550åTypecast,Inc./Job#0981/July2000SECONDPROOFPsychobiology551u
