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1、Towardsananthropologicaltheoryofspaceandplace*SETHAM.LOWAbstractThisarticletakesafirststepinlinkinganthropologicalanalysesofthebodyinspace(embodiedspace),theglobal/localpowerrelationsembeddedinspace(transnational/translocalspace),theroleoflanguageanddiscoursei
2、nthetransformationofspaceintoplace(meaning),andthematerialandmetaphoricalimportanceofarchitectureandurbandesign(thebuiltenvi-ronment).Embodiedspace,languageanddiscourse,andtransnational/translocalspacesarediscussedbasedonabriefreviewoftheliteratureandthencomb
3、inedwiththeco-production(socialproductionandsocialcon-struction)modelofspace.Apreliminarytheoryofspaceandplacedevel-opedforcontemporarysettingsisexploredandillustratedwithexamplesdrawnfromethnographicstudiesofgatedcommunitiesintheUnitedStatesandtheplazainLati
4、nAmerica.Keywords:space;place;embodiment;builtenvironment;politics;archi-tecture,design.1.IntroductionThisarticlebeginswiththequestionofwhytheconceptsof‘‘place’’and‘‘space,’’centraltheoreticalconstructsingeography,posesuchproblemsforanthropologists.Onereasoni
5、sthatforethnographersitisdi‰culttodiscuss‘‘place’’or‘‘space’’inawaythatdoesnotconfinetheinhabitants.ArjunAppadurai(1988)andMargaretRodman(1985,1992)correctlycriticizeethnographicconceptionsofplace/spacethatprovidetaken-for-grantedsettingstosituatetheirdescript
6、ionsorreducetheethnographictoalocalethatimprisonsnatives.AspointedoutbyAlbertoCorsı´nJime-nez,‘‘natives’’whostayputinaparticularareamoveasmuchaspeoplewhoaredisplacedormigrate(2003:140).Rather,placesaresociallySemiotica175–1/4(2009),21–370037–1998/09/0175–0021
7、DOI10.1515/semi.2009.0416WalterdeGruyter22S.M.Lowconstructedbythepeoplewholiveinthemandknowthem;theyarepo-liticized,culturallyrelative,andhistoricallyspecificmultipleconstruc-tions(Rodman1992:641).Ananthropologicaltheoryofspaceandplaceneedstobeprocess-oriented
8、,person-based,andallowforagencyandnewpossibilities.Onewaytosolvethisproblemistoacknowledgethatplaceandspacearealwaysembodied.Theirmaterialitycanbemetaphoricanddiscursive,aswellasphysicall
