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1、NICHOLASOFCUSAONLEARNEDIGNORANCEATranslationandanAppraisalofDeDoctaIgnorantiabyJASPERHOPKINSTHEARTHURJ.BANNINGPRESSMINNEAPOLISSECONDEDITIONThesecondeditionisreprintedon-linebypermissionofBanningPressPagenumbersintheon-lineeditiondonotcorrespondtothoseintheprintededitionSe
2、condedition,1985(2ndprinting,1990).Thissecondprintingcontainsseveralminoremendations.LibraryofCongressCatalogCardNumber80-82907ISBN0-938060-30--9(clothedition)ISBN0-938060-27-9(paperbackedition)PrintedintheUnitedStatesofAmericaCopyright©1981byTheArthurJ.BanningPress,Minne
3、apolis,Minnesota55402.Allrightsreserved.iiGABRIELE,MEINERLIEBENEHEFRAU,GEWIDMETPREFACELikeanyimportantphilosophicalwork,DeDoctaIgnorantiacannotbeunderstoodbymerelybeingread:itmustbestudied.Foritsmainthemesaresoprofoundlyinnovativethattheirauthor'sexpositionofthemcouldnoth
4、aveanticipated,andthereforetakenmeasurestopre-vent,alltheseriousmisunderstandingswhichwerelikelytoarise.Moreover,thethemesaresoextensivelyinterlinkedthatamisunder-standingofanyoneofthemwillservetoobscurealltheothersaswell.Insuchcase,thementaleffortrequiredofthereader-who-
5、interpretsmustapproximatetheeffortexpendedbytheauthor-who-instructs.Nowordsaremoreself-condemningthanarethoseofJohnWenck,attheconclusionofwhosecritiqueofDeDoctaIgnorantiaweread:“EtsicestfinisscriptiscursorieHeydelberg”:“Andthisistheendtowhat1waswrittencursorilyatHeidelber
6、g.”Nicholashasnotmadehisreader'staskeasy.Forinspiteofhisclaimtohaveexplainedmatters“asclearlyasIcould”andtohaveavoided“allroughnessofstyle,”manyofhispointsescapeeventhediligentreader,sincetheexplanationforthemiseithertoocondensed,orelsetoobarbarouslyexpressed,tobeassuredl
7、yfollowed.Andyet,fromoutofthevagueness,theambiguity,theamphiboly,theen-thymematicmovementofthought,thereemerges—forareaderpatientenoughtosolliciterdoucementlestextes—aninternallycoherentpat-ternofreasoning.Thepresenttranslationofthisreasoningaimsabove2allataccuracy.Tothis
8、endtherenderingisliteral,thoughwithnodeliberatesacrificeofliterateEnglishexpression.Onlyaliteral