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1、LiberalismInTheClassicalTraditioniiLiberalismInTheClassicalTraditionByLudwigvonMisesPrefacetotheThirdEditionbyBettinaBienGreavesForewordbyLouisM.SpadaroTranslatedbyRalphRaicoHardcopy:TheFoundationforEconomicEducation,Inc.Irvington-on-Hudson,NewYork10533
2、andCobdenPress1800MarketStreetSanFrancisco,California94102iiiThiseditionispublishedincooperationwiththeInstituteforHumaneStudies,Inc.,Fairfax,Virginia.ThisThirdEditionco-publishedbyCobdenPress1800MarketStreetSanFrancisco,California94102andTheFoundationf
3、orEconomicEducation,Inc.Irvington-on-Hudson,NewYork10533PrefacetotheThirdEditionCopyright1985byTheFoundationforEconomicEducation,Inc.CoverdesignbyJohnDusko.Allrightsreserved.PrintedintheUnitedStatesofAmerica.Nopartofthisbookmaybeusedorreproducedinanyman
4、nerwhatsoeverwithoutwrittenpermissionexceptinthecaseofreprintsinthecontextofreviews.ForinformationwriteCobdenPress,1800MarketStreet,SanFrancisco,California94102.ISBN0-930439-23-6(CobdenPress)ThisMises.orgedition©2002withthepermissionoftheLudwigvonMisese
5、state.OnlineeditionpreparedforpublicationbyWilliamHarshbarger.ivPreface,1985Theterm"liberalism,"fromtheLatin"liber"meaning"free,"referredoriginallytothephilosophyoffreedom.ItstillretainedthismeaninginEuropewhenthisbookwaswritten(1927)sothatreaderswhoope
6、neditscoversexpectedananalysisofthefreedomphilosophyofclassicalliberalism.Unfortunately,however,inrecentdecades,"liberalism"hascometomeansomethingverydifferent.Thewordhasbeentakenover,especiallyintheUnitedStates,byphilosophicalsocialistsandusedbythemtor
7、efertotheirgovernmentinterventionand"welfarestate"programs.Asoneexampleamongmanypossibleones,formerU.S.SenatorJosephS.Clark,Jr.,whenhewasMayorofPhiladelphia,describedthemodern"liberal"positionveryfranklyinthesewords:Tolayaghostattheoutsetandtodismisssem
8、antics,aliberalisheredefinedasonewhobelievesinutilizingthefullforceofgovernmentfortheadvancementofsocial,political,andeconomicjusticeatthemunicipal,state,national,andinternationallevels....Aliberalbelievesgovernmentisapropertoolt
