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1、7/28/15 DepressionMental Disorder II: Depression, •SymptomsincludemanycommonexperiencesDissocia3ve Disorders and takentoahighdegree:Schizophrenia •sadness•feelingsofworthlessness•changesinsleep•changesineating•anhedonia•suicidalthoughtsThreePerspectivesonDepressionSituatio
2、nalBasesforDepression•BehavioralView•Peoplearedepressedbecauseoftheirsituation•Doeslifestresscausedepression?•Changethesituation->reducedepression•Positivecorrelationbetweenstressfullifeeventsand•BiologicalViewonsetofdepression•Peoplearedepressedbecauseoftheirbrains•Mostde
3、pressogeniclifeeventsarelosses•Changewhathappensinthebrain->reducedepression•spouseorcompanion•CognitiveView:•long-termjob•Peoplearedepressedbecauseoftheirthinking•health•Changehowpeoplethink->reducedepression•incomeDepressionDepression•BehavioralTherapy•BehavioralViewofDe
4、pression•PrescribingPleasurableActivities•Lewinsohn(1984)claimsthatdepressionresultsfrom•IgnoreDepressiveBehavior(complaining,crying,andself-deprecating),Reinforceadaptivebehaviorsfewerpositiverewardsbeingprovidedtoaperson.•Forexample,hefolloweddepressedpatientsinto•Person
5、alEffectivenessTrainingtheirhomesandobservedtheirmealtimedinner•TherapyEfficacyconversations.•Simplyincreasingthenumberofpleasantactivitiesmakes•Depressedpatientswerelesslikelytoreceivenodifference(Hammen&Glass,1975)positivecommentsthananyoneelseatthedinner•Withmildlytomod
6、eratelydepressedpatients(only),table.depressivesymptomscanbereduced80%,butonlywhen•Depressedpeopletendtohavemoreunpleasantallaspectsoftherapyarepracticedincombinationwithexperiencesthanothersinhealth,finances,sociallectures,classroomactivities,homeworkassignments,andainter
7、actions,andprofessionalandacademicpursuits.textbook.1 7/28/15 576-619_CH016_12708_Ba.qxp3/1/065:26PMPage598598PART8■PERSONALITYANDDISORDERS
8、figure16.3
9、Rolesofgeneticpredispositionandstressful16GeneticpredispositionBiologicalBasesforDepressionexperiencesintheincidenceofHigh
10、estdepressionWomenwhohadrecently14experiencedaseverelystressfuleventent)Highwerefarmoreli
