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1、动词不定式和动名词是英语非谓语动词的两个重要部分一、作主语1、不定式作主语：动词不定式可直接用作主语,句子的谓语动词常用单数。Togettherebybikewilltakeushalfanhour.对于主语较长的不定式，可以用it作形式主语。例如：It'sourdutytotakegoodcareoftheold.HowlongdidittakeyoutofinishtheworkItisdifficultforustofinishwritingthecompositioninaquarterofa
2、nhour.Itseemedimpossibletosavemoney.It'skindofyoutohelpmewithmyEnglish.2、动名词作主语：动名词也可直接用作主语，或者用it作形式主语。例如：Learningwithoutpracticeisnogood.It'snogoodreadingindimlight.It'snousesittingherewaiting.It'sdangerousswimmingintheseainwindydays.Thereisnosayingwha
3、twillhappennext.3、动词不定式和动名词作主语的区别(1)不定式作主语经常表示具体动作，或者表示将要进行的动作。而动名词作主语经常表示抽象的一般性的动作。例如：It'snogoodforyoutoeatsomuchfat.(有具体的人foryou)It'snogoodeatingtoomuchfat.(泛指)(2)不定式的逻辑主语常用of,for表示；动名词逻辑主语则常用物主代词、名词、代词表示。例如：Itisstupidofyoutowritedowneverythingtheteac
4、hersays.(ofyou)It'snouseyourpretendingthatyoudidn'tknowtherules.(your)Thedoctorsuggestedthemhavingtheirhealthcheck-uponceayear.二、作宾语1、不定式作宾语(1)以下动词后,一般只用不定式作宾语.如:agree,attempt，apply，ask,aim,arrange,beg，choose,decide,demand,expect,fail,help,hope,lean,lon
5、g,manage,offer,plan,prepare,pretend,promise,refuse,wishafford等。Idecidedtoaskformymoneyback.IdecidedthatIwouldaskformymoneyback.Whenourvisittothefarmwasover,weexpectedtostartbackonfoot.Whenourvisittothefarmwasover,weexpectedthatwewouldstartbackonfoot.(2)
6、不定式可先用it做形式宾语。Wethinkitquiteimportantforustolearnaforeignlanguagewell.Hefeelsithisdutytohelpthepoor.2、动名词作宾语(1)以下动词后,一般只用动名词作宾语,如:admit,appreciate,consider,delay,enjoy,finish,keep,imagine,mind,miss,practise,resist,risk,save,suggest,don'tmind,giveup,insi
7、st,on,putoff等。Isuggestspendingoursummervacationinaseasidetown.Youmustgiveupsmoking,foritdoestoomuchharmtoyourhealth.(2)介词后只能接动名词做宾语Ishouldgotoattendthebirthdaycelebrationinsteadofstayingathome.WhataboutinvitingLiJuntomakeaspeech(3)少数特殊结构中只用动名词做宾语。它们可以看作
8、是省略的介词的形式。例如：havedifficulty(in)doingsth.havenotrouble(in)doingsth.losenotime(in)doingsth.prevent/stop…(from)doingsth.thereisnouse(in)doingsth.3、不定式与动名词做宾语的区别(1)动词后是接不定式还是动名词作宾语，主要是根据使用习惯。有些动词后一般只接不定式作宾语，而另一些则只用动名词作宾语。详见上面的说明。(2)介
