霍尔效应电流传感器

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1、RichardDickinsonandShaunMilano7/11/2002IsolatedOpenLoopCurrentSensingUsingHallEffectTechnologyinanOptimizedMagneticCircuitRichardDickinson&ShaunMilanoAllegroMicroSystems,Inc.162PembrokeRd.ConcordNH,03301USATel:001(603)228-5533Fax:001(603)224-2466Abstract:Wit

2、htheexpectedarrivalofa42Vparallelbuspowersupplyaboardautomobilesandnewenergyefficiencystandardsbeingimposedonmosthouseholdappliances,thereisagrowingneedforcurrentsensingasameansofmonitoringandcontrollingpowerconsumption.Therearethreerivaltechnologiesthataret

3、ypicallyusedformeasuringcurrent:senseresistors,Halleffectsensorsandcurrenttransformers.Eachhaveattributesthatdifferentiatethemonacostversusperformancescale.Galvanicisolation,easeofimplementation,robustnessandlowcostareafewattributesthatusersdemandwhenchoosin

4、gacurrentsensor.Galvanicisolationisneededtoprotectthesensingdevicefrompotentiallydamaginghighpowersignals(over-currentspikes)andtominimizethepowerdissipated(andheatgenerated)bysenseresistors.BecauseHalleffectsensorsmeasurethemagneticfieldstrengthincloseproxi

5、mitytothecurrentconductor,theycanbeseparatedbyafewmillimetersfromthecurrentsignal,providingseveralkilovoltsofisolation.OtheropenloopHalleffectcurrentsensordesignsinternalizethecurrentcarryingconductor,allowingtheusertooptimizethecurrentsensorpackage’ssizeand

6、thermalcharacteristics.Whileclosedloopsensingcanprovideexcellentaccuracy,sizeandcostprohibittheuseofthesetypesoftransducersinmanyapplications.Openloopsensorsusuallyhaveamorelimitedrangeoflinearityandcannotcompensateforoffsetandresidualfielderrors.However,mag

7、neticcircuitsandthelinearHalleffectICcanbedesignedtoreducethesetypesoferrorswithouttheexternalcontrolcircuitrythatistypicallyrequiredbyclosedloopsystems.Thispaperwillexploremagneticcircuitdesign,ICcircuitdesigns,andintegratedpackagingtechniquesthatattempttom

8、inimizetheerrorsassociatedwithopencircuitdesignsinordertoachieveasensorwithaccuracyequivalenttothatofsenseresistors,butwithouttheisolationtradeoff.Page1of12ShaunMilanoPage27/11/2002IntroductionA