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1、沈阳农业大学学报,2003-02,34(1):31-34JournalofShenyangAgriculturalUniversity,2003-02,34(1):31-34辽宁东部山区几种主要森林植被类型土壤矿质层蓄水能力分析1,23高人,周广柱(1中国科学院南京土壤研究所土壤圈物质循环重点实验室,江苏南京210008;2福建师范大学地理研究所,福建福州350007;3沈阳农业大学林学院,辽宁沈阳110161)摘要:对辽宁东部山区具有代表性的油松林、落叶松林、红松林、柞木林、杂木林及灌丛6种植被类型的土壤蓄水能力及其影响
2、因素进行了比较研究。结果表明,各植被类型80cm土层的总蓄水能力为362.0～422.2mm,平均值为387.2mm;80cm土层的有效蓄水能力为102.4～182.2mm,平均值为156.5mm,都表现为阔叶林大于针叶林,灌丛居于中间。棕壤和暗棕壤无论是总蓄水能力还是有效蓄水能力都表现出阔叶林大于针叶林。植被类型、土壤种类及土壤层次对非毛管孔隙度有显著影响。植被类型对非毛管孔隙度的作用特点是阔叶林大于针叶林,灌丛居于中间;土壤类型的作用特点是棕壤大于暗棕壤;土壤层次的作用特点是A层>B层>C层。本研究对于科学地评价该地区
3、水源涵养林的水文效益,指导水源涵养林体系建设具有重要意义。关键词:森林水文;森林土壤;蓄水能力;植被类型;东部山区;辽宁中图分类号:S715文献标识码:A文章编号:1000-1700(2003)01-0031-04AStudyonMineralSoilWater-storageforSixForestVegetationTypesinEastLiaoningMountainousRegion1,2GAORen,etal.(1CAMP,ISSAS,Nanjing,210008;2InstituteofGeography,Fu
4、jianNormalUniversity,Fuzhou350007,China)Abstract:Mineralsoilwater-storageanditsinfluencingfactorswerecomparativelystudiedforthe6majorforestvegetationtypessuchasChinesepine,larch,Koreanpine,oak,weedtreesandfilbertbushinEastLiaoningmountainousregion.Itwasfollowedtha
5、tthetotalsoilwaterstoragein80cmdepthrangedfrom362.0mmto422.2mm,averaged387.2mmforthe6vegetationtypes,showingthelargestforhardwoods,mediumforfilbertbush,thelastforconifers.Thetotalsoilavailablewaterstoragein80cmdepthrangedfrom102.4mmto182.2mm,averaged156.5mm,alsode
6、monstratingthehardwoodsweresuperiortotheconifers.Thefilbertbushwasinmedium.Thetotalwaterstorageofdarkbrownearthwaslargerthanthatofbrownearth,buttheavailablewaterstorageofdarkbrownearthwaslessthanthatofbrownearth.Inthetwokindsofsoil,darkbrownearthanddarkbrownearth,
7、eithertotalwaterstorageoravailableonewaslargerforhardwoodsthanforconifers.Covarianceanalysesindicatedthatthefactorsofvegetationtypes,soiltypesandsoilhorizonsweresignificantlyrelatedtononcapillaryporosity.Thenoncapillaryporositiesofhardwoodsandfil2bertbushwerelarge
8、rthanthoseofconifers,andforsoillayers.ThenoncapillaryporosityofAhorizonsrankedthefirst,Bthesec2ond,andCthelast.Capillaryporosityofdarkbrownearthwaslarge
