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1、第42卷第6期河南农业大学学报Vol.42No.62008年12月JournalofHenanAgriculturalUniversityDec.2008文章编号:1000-2340(2008)06-0638-05菜蛾盘绒茧峰和半闭弯尾姬蜂的胚胎发育原建强,白素芬,李欣(河南农业大学植物保护学院,河南郑州450002)摘要:在室内(25±1)℃,详细观察了小菜蛾两种幼虫内寄生蜂的胚胎发育过程.其中,菜蛾盘绒茧蜂胚胎发育经历大约48h.根据胚胎发育的先后顺序可将其划分为以下3个时期:卵裂与胚盘形成期,即产卵后20h时,在卵周缘形成均匀的单细胞层;原肠胚形成及器官发育期
2、,产卵后20～32h,包括胚带形成、原头原躯分化、口道形成及消化道发育;最后是胚胎背合与胚胎成熟期,在产卵后48h,胚胎发育完成,并在蜂卵孵化时,源自浆膜的畸形细胞释放到寄主小菜蛾的血腔中.相同培养条件下,半闭弯尾姬蜂的胚胎发育历经50h.根据胚胎的形态特征将胚胎发育过程同样划分为3个阶段:分别是产卵后12h的卵裂与胚盘形成阶段、产卵后12～32h的原肠胚形成和器官发育阶段、以及随后的胚胎背合和胚胎成熟阶段,即产卵后32～50h,直至姬蜂卵孵化.与茧蜂不同的是,姬蜂卵孵化时,浆膜并不产生释放畸形细胞.关键词:菜蛾盘绒茧蜂;半闭弯尾姬蜂;胚胎发育;小菜蛾中图分类号:S
3、476.3文献标识码:AEmbryonicdevelopmentofCotesiavestalis(Haliday)andDiadegmasemiclausumHellénYUANJian2qiang,BAISu2fen,LIXin(CollegeofPlantProtection,HenanAgriculturalUniversity,Zhengzhou450002,China)Abstract:TheembryonicdevelopmentoftwolarvalendoparasitoidsofPlutellaxylostellawasobservedbydis
4、sectingparasitizedhostsinthelaboratoryat(25±1)℃.ThedevelopmentperiodrequiredforCotesiavestalisembryowasabout48h.Itpassedthroughmainlythreeratherdifferentstagesaccordingtotheirdevelopmentalsuccession.Thefirststageincludedthecleavageandblastodermstages,andcleavageendedwiththeformationofa
5、blastulaafter20hoviposition.Thesecondphasewascalledgastrulationandorganicdevelopmentstagesfrom20to32hafteroviposition,includinggermbandfor2mation,germbandexpanding,differentiationofprotocornandprotocephalon,formationofthealimentarycanalandmouthparts,andorganicformation.Thelastphaseincl
6、udedthedorsalclosureandembryomaturationstagesfrom32to48hafteroviposition.Obviously,alotofteratocytesoriginatingfromtheserosalmembranewerereleasedintothehostlarvalhaemocoel.Underthesamecondition,thedevelopmentoftheembryoofDiadegmasemiclausumwasabout50h.Theprocessoftheembryonicdevelopmen
7、twasalsodividedintothreestagesonthebasisofthecharacterizationofembryomorphology.JustlikeC.vestalis,after12hoviposition,ablastulawasformed.Andthenthegastrula2tionandorganicdevelopmentstagesstartedfrom12to32hafteroviposition.Intheend,accompaniedwiththedorsalclosure,theembryobegantomatu
