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1、第21卷第5期水土保持学报Vol.21No.52007年10月JournalofSoilandWaterConservationOct.,2007广元市不同土地利用类型土壤的分形特征11,*212李进峰,宫渊波,陈林武,程永珍,张发会(1.四川农业大学,四川省生态林业工程省级重点实验室,四川雅安625014;2.四川林业科学研究院,四川成都610081)摘要:以8个植被类型、2个农地和2个退耕地的土壤颗粒组成数据为基础,运用分形模型计算这12个土地利用类型土壤颗粒的分形维数,研究了土壤颗粒分形维数与土壤性状的关系。结果表明:(1)12个土地利用类型表层土壤颗粒的分形维数介于2
2、.8185～2.9249之间。与退耕地和玉米地相比,各林地土壤颗粒分形维数小;与1990年的2.8633相比,2006年土壤颗粒分形维数(2.8592)减小;各团聚体分形维数规律不明显。(2)决定土壤颗粒分形维数大小的首先是<0.002mm的含量,其次是0.05～0.25mm和0.002～0.02mm的含量;决定团聚体分形维数大小的粒级含量由大到小的顺序是:2～5mm,0.5～1mm和1～2mm,其余粒级含量对分形维数影响较小。(3)土壤颗粒分形维数与团聚体分形维数可作为侵蚀指标,前者与土壤可蚀性因子相关关系显著,后者也可作为渗透蓄水指标。(4)在坡耕地基础上的退耕地比生态退化
3、后的营林地具有更有利于水土保持的土壤分形特征。关键词:土地利用类型;颗粒分形维数;团聚体分形维数;土壤性状中图分类号:S152.3文献标识码:A文章编号:1009-2242(2007)05-0167-04FractalCharacteristicsofSoilunderDifferentLandUtilizationTypeinGuangyuan11,*212LIJin-feng,GONGYuan-bo,CHENLin-wu,CHENYong-zhen,ZHANGFa-hui(1.SichuanAgriculturalUniversity,SichuanKeyLaborator
4、yofEcologicalForestryEngineering,Yaan625014;2.SichuanAcademyofForestry,Chengdu610081)Abstract:Takethesoilgranulometriccompositiondataof8vegetationtypes,2farmlandsand2rehabilitatedlandasthefoundation,theutilizationfractalmodelareconsideredas12landutilizationtypesoilparticlesfractaldimen-sion
5、,andthispaperstudiedtherelationshipbetweenfractaldimensionandthesoilproperties.Theresultshowedthat,12landutilizationtypesurfacelayersoilparticlesfractaldimensionisbetween2.8185～2.9249.Everyforestsoilparticlesfractaldimensionissmallcomparingwithrehabilitatedlandandthecornfield;Comparedwiththe
6、2.8633in1990,soilfractaldimension2.8592isdiminishedin2006.Thelawofgranularfractaldimensionisnotobvious.Decidingtheprimoofsoilparticlesfractaldimensionis<0.002mmcontents,thecontentsof0.05～0.25mmand0.002～0.02mmissecond.Theorderdecidinggranularfractaldimension:2～5mm,0.5～1mmand1～2mm.Theparticles
7、fractaldimensionandthegranularfractaldimensionmayaccomplishtheindexofsoilerosion,thelattermaystorewateraspenetrationmoreindex.Rehabilitatedlandhasmorebeneficialtosoilfractalcharacteristicaboutwaterandsoilconservationthanforestationindegradedland.Ke
